Sandro Botticelli, La calunnia (Slander), ca. 1497, Tempera, Florence, Uffizi

Ius (iuris, iura), Lex (legis, leges), Droit (loi), Derecho (ley), Diritto (lege), Recht (Gesetz), Prawo (Ustawa)
Vocabulary and Definitions of Law

Common law

Civil Law

Ius commune

Custom (Consuetudo, Mos [moris, mores]), written and unwritten
 Legislation: statutes, constitutions, plebiscites, ordinances, court decisions

A short history of the origins of European jurisprudence for students in a hurry

Definitions of Law:   How we think about the law defines the content of law

Definitions of Law 1 

Definitions of Law 2    

Definitions of Law (Foreign)

 

The Devil: The Cathedral of Bamberg, Germany 13th Century

 

What defines Law?  What should we recognize as valid law in our courts?

Higher Norms?

Principles of Law?

Foreign Law?

John Austin

 

Extra reading you might find useful and interesting
Adler, Are you a positivist or a naturalist?

Richard Posner's Lament Do Monkeys have the answer?