In primis hominibus fuit coniugium, (see under Marriage tract:)
 
 
 
 

'In quibusdam libris', a gloss apparatus on Compilatio I.

AUTHOR: unknown (from the school of Petrus Brito?).

DATE/PLACE: France, ca.1205-10.

EDITION: None.

MANUSCRIPTS: Paris, B.N. lat. 15398, fol. 204-279;

LITERATURE: G. Dolezalek, `Another fragment of the Apparatus `Militant siqiudem patroni' BMCL 5 (1975) 131 n.5, 132 n.13. S. Kuttner, `Bernardus Compostellanus Antiquus', Traditio 1 317 n.54. F. Liotta, La continenza dei chierici nel pensiero canonistico classico (Milan 1971) 278-280. R. Weigand, `Neue Mitteilun<vn aus Handschriften', Traditio 21 (1965) 489 n.33; idem, `Glossenapparat zur Compilatio prima aus der Schule des Petrus Brito in St. Omer 107', Traditio 26 (1970) 449-57.
 
 
 
 
 
 

Innocent III, Pope (1198-1216) Lothario di Segni (born c.1161), Pope who exerted a great influence on the development of the medieval papacy and the canon law. Once reputed to have been a lawyer taught by the great canonist Huguccio, the work of Pennington and others strongly suggests that, whatever his legal talents, Innocent III was not a university-trained jurist by the standards of the time. Innocent studied theology in Paris and probably studied law for a short time at Bologna.

Innocent had a celestial image of the papacy as the intermediary between God and man. This image is best understood as theological rather than juristic, nevertheless, in the language of Innocent's sermons and decretal letters, he established the language and arguments with which jurists discussed the power and role of the papacy for more than a century.

Innocent III also effected important changes in the administration of the Church. The curia was greatly expanded during his pontificate, and the papacy began to gain control over the translation, deposition and renunciation of bishops and the collation of ecclesiastical benefices. Even though Innocent asserted, in the decretal Quanto personam, that the translation of a bishop was such a serious and extraordinary matter that it required divine authority, he translated many more bishops than any previous pope. Innocent asserted more control over prebends and, in the Fourth Lateran Council constitution De multa, the power of bishops to dispense from the prohibitions against pluralism was curtailed.

Innocent also asserted and defined (broadly) papal power to interfere in secular affairs in a series of decretals, Licet, Novit, Solet, Venerabilem, and Per Venerabilem.

Innocent's decretals, which effected tremendous changes in many areas of canon law, were collected by several canonists; Petrus Beneventanus's Compilatio tertia which Innocent himself authenticated for the law school at Bologna, and Johannes Teutonicus's Compilatio quarta were the most important.

TEXTS: See Alanus (Compilatio Alani), Bernardus Compostellanus antiquus (Compilatio Romana), Gilbertus (Compilatio Gilberti), Rainier of Pomposa (Collectio Ranierii), Compilatio tertia, and Compilatio quarta.   The papal registers listed under literature immediately below.

LITERATURE: L. Buisson, `Exempla und Tradition bei Innocenz III', Adel und Kirche: Gerd Tellenbach zum 65.Geburtstag ... (Freiburg/Basel/Vienna 1968) 458-76. C. Cheney, Innocent III and England (Päpste and Papsttum 9; Stuttgart 1976); idem and W.H. Semple edd. Selected letters of Pope Innocent III concerning England (London 1953). C. Cheney and M. Cheney, The letters of Pope Innocent III (1198-1216) Concerning England (Oxford 1967). O. Hageneder, `Über das Priuilegium Fori bei Innocenz III.', Collectanea Stephan Kuttner I (SG 11 1967) 447-60; idem, `Mandatum und Praeceptum im politischen Handeln Papst Innocenz' III.', Proceedings Berkeley(MIC C,7; Vatican City 1985) 377-90. W. Imkamp, Das Kirchenbild Innocenz III (1198-1216)(Päpste und Papsttum 22: Stuttgart 1983). Innocent III, Opera Omnia, ed. J.P. Migne, PL 214-217.

Die Register Innocenz' III, 1. Pontifikatsjahr 1198/99, O. Hageneder, A. Haidacher edd. (Publikationen der Abteilung für Historische Studien des Österreichischen Kulturinstituts in Rom, II. Abteilung, I. Reihe, Band 1; Graz/Köln/Vienna 1964);

Die Register Innocenz' III, 2. Pontifiktsjahr 1199-1200, O. Hageneder, W. Maleczek and A. Strand, edd. (Publikationen der Abteilung für Historische Studien des Österreichischen Kulturinstituts in Rom, II. Abteilung, I. Reihe, Band 2; Graz/Köln/Vienna 1979).

Innocent III, Pope. Die Register Innocenz' III. 5: 5. Pontifikatsjahr, 1202/1203, Texte. Ed. Othmar Hageneder, with the collaboration of Christoph Egger, Karl Rudolf, and Andrea Sommerlechner (Publikationen des Historischen Instituts beim Österreichischen Kulturinstitut in Rom. Wien: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1993).

Innocent III, Pope. Die Register Innocenz' III. 5: 5. Pontifikatsjahr, 1202/1203, Indices. Ed. Andrea Sommerlechner with Christoph Egger and Herwig Weigl (Publikationen des Historischen Instituts beim Österreichischen Kulturinstitut in Rom. Wien: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1994).

Innocent III, Pope. Die Register Innocenz' III. 6: 6. Pontifikatsjahr, 1202/1203, Texte und Indices. Ed. Othmar Hageneder, John C. Moore and Andrea Sommerlechner, with the collaboration of Christoph Egger and Herwig Weigl (Publikationen des Historischen Instituts beim Österreichischen Kulturinstitut in Rom. Wien: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1995).

Innocent III, Pope. Die Register Innocenz' III. 7: 7. Pontifikatsjahr, 1204/1205, Texte und Indices. Ed. Othmar Hageneder, Andrea Sommerlechner, with the collaboration of Christoph Egger and Rainer Murauer (Publikationen des Historischen Instituts beim Österreichischen Kulturinstitut in Rom. Wien: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1997).

F. Kempf, Die Register Innocenz III: Eine paläographisch- diplomatische Untersuchung(MHP 9; Rome 1945); idem, Papsttum und Kaisertum bei Innocenz III (MHP 19; Rome 1954); idem, `Innocenz III. und der deutschen Thronstreit', AHP 23 (1985) 68-91. S. Kuttner, `Universal pope or the servant of God's servants: The canonists, papal titles, and Innocent III', RDC 31 (1981) 110-49. P. Landau, `Papst Innocenz III. in der richterlichen Praxis. Zugleich ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Kooperationsmaxime', Festschrift für Rudolf Wasserman (Darmstadt: 1985) 727-33. M. Laufs, Politik und Recht bei Innocenz III (Kölner Historische Abhandlungen 26; Köln/Vienna 1980). M. Maccarone, Chiesa e Stato nella Dottrina di Papa Innocenzo III (Lateranum, Nova series An. VI nn.3-4; Rome 1940); idem, Studi su Innocenzo III (Rome 1972). W. Malaczek, Papst und Kardinalskolleg von 1191 bis 1216 (Publikationen des Historischen Instituts beim Österreichischen Kulturinstitut in Rom, I. Abteilung, Abhandlungen 6; Vienna 1984); idem, `Innocenz III.', LMA 4 (1989) 434-37. John C. Moore, `Peter of Lucedo (Cistercian Patriarch of Antioch) and Pope Innocent III', RHM 29 (1987) 221-49. K. Pennington, `The legal education of Pope Innocent III', BMCL 4 (1974) 70-77; idem, `Pope Innocent III's views on Church and State: A gloss to "Per venerabilem",' Law, church and society: Essays in honor of Stephan Kuttner (The Middle Ages; Philadelphia 1977) 46-67; idem, `"Cum causam que": a decretal of Pope Innocent III', BMCL 7 (1977) 100-03; idem, Pope and bishops: The papal monarchy in the thirteenth century (The Middle Ages; Philadelphia 1984); idem, Review of W. Imkamp, Das Kirchenbild Innocenz' III. (1198-1216), ZRG Kan. Abt. 72 (1986) 417-28. J. Michael Rainer, `Innocenz III. und das römische Recht', RHM 25 (1983) 15-33. K. Schatz, `Papsttum und Partikularkirchliche Gewalt bei Innocenz III. (1198-1216)', AHP 8 (1970) 61-111. B. Tierney, `"Tria quippe distinguit iudicia..." A note on Innocent III's decretal Per venerabilem', Speculum 38 (1962) 48-59. H. Tillmann, Papst Innocenz III (Bonn 1954) [English trans. by Walter Sax, Pope Innocent III (Europe in the Middle Ages Selected Studies 12; Amsterdam-New York-Oxford 1980)]. J. Watt, 'The theory of the papal monarchy in the thirteenth century: The contribution of the canonists', Traditio 20 (1964) 179-318 [republished as a monograph: New York 1965]. Brigitte Meduna,  Studien zum Formular der päpstlichen Justizbriefe von Alexander III. bis Innocenz III. (1159-1216): Die non obstantibus-Formel (Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Philosophisch-Historische Klasse, Sitzungsberichte 536. Vienna: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1989).  Friedrich Kempf,  'Innocenz III. und der deutsche Thronstreit', Archivum historiae pontificiae 23 (1985) 63-91.  John C. Moore,  'Lotario Dei Conti di Segni (Pope Innocent III) in the 1180's', Archivum Historiae Pontificiae 29 (1991) 255-258. John C. Moore,  'The Sermons of Pope Innocent III', Römische Historiche Mitteilungen 36 (1994) 81-142.   Christoph Eggers,   'Dignitas und Miseria. Überlegungen zu Menschenbild und Selbstverständnis papst Innocenz’ III.' Mitteilungen des Institus für Österreichische Geschichtsforschung. 105 (1997) 330-45. Christoph  Eggers,  'Papst Innocenz III. Als Theologe: Beiträge zur Kenntnis seines Denkens im Rahmen der Frühscholastik,' Archivium Historiae Pontificiae 30, (1992) 56-123. Christoph Eggers,  'Papst Innocenz III. Und die veronica. Geschichte, theologie, liturgie und seelsorge', The Holy Face and the paradox of Representation. Papers from a Colloquium Held at the Bibliotheca Hertziana, Rome and the Villa Spelman, Florence, 1996. 6 (1996 [?]). 181-203.  Jane E. Sayers,  Innocent III: Leader of Europe 1198-1216 (The Medieval World. London-New York: Longman, 1993).   Edward Peters, 'Lotario dei Conti di Segni becomes Pope Innocent III: The Man and the Pope',  Pope Innocent II and His World. Ed John C. Moore. (Ashgate, 1999) 3-24.  Frenz, Thomas, editor. Papst Innozenz III.: Weichensteller der Geschichte Europas: Interdisziplinäre Ringvorlesung an der Universität Passau 5.11.1997 - 26.5.1998 (Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 2000).
 
 
 
 

Innocent IV, Pope (1243-54) (Sinibaldus Fieschi, Fliscus), born in Genoa before 1200. Innocent studied law Parma and perhaps at Bologna   Some accounts say that, early in his career, Innocent taught law in Bologna, but there is not evidence. He worked as a jurist at the papal curia from 1226 and was for some time the auditor of the court of audientia litterarum contradictarum. I. was made a cardinal by Pope Gregory IX in 1227. He was elected Pope in 1243 after a long, rancorous vacancy following the brief pontificate of Celestine IV (1241). Innocent IV died on December 7, 1254 in Naples.

Innocent IV's pontificate was notable for three things: a decisive struggle with the Emperor Frederick II, the Pope's extended absence from Rome, and for his contributions to the canon law. Innocent presided over the first general council of Lyon, in which the pope deposed Frederick II in absentia, and in which a number of important canons reforming aspects of ecclesiastical law and administration were enacted.

As a jurist, Innocent IV wrote a lengthy and extremely influential Apparatus on the Decretals of Gregory IX, which he worked on over a long period of time and was finished ca. 1245. He prepared three collections of his own decretals, which included the canons of Lyons I (Novelle Innocentii quarti). Innocent also wrote commentaries on his novelle, including an authoritative commentary on the Lyon deposition decree of Frederick II (Ad apostolicae dignitatis apicem, VI 2.14.2). An Ordo iudiciarius exists which, at least in an early form, has been attributed to Innocent IV, but it seems very doubtful that he wrote such a work.   There is still not certainty whether Innocent wrote the polemical tract 'Eger cui lenia(levia)'.  William of Ockham thought that he did, but Ockham is a late witness.  Short Biography of Innocent IV

TEXTS:  1. Apparatus in quinque libros decretalium MANUSCRIPTS: Arras, Bibl. Munic. 2; Bamberg, Staatsbibl. Can. 00 [P.I.24]; Can. 00 [P.III.23]; Berlin, Staatsbibl. fol. 210; Breslau, Universitätsbibl. II.F.46; Bologna, Collegio di Spagna, 220, fol. 3ra-283vb; Halle, Ye. fol. 56; Hildesheim, Dombibl. Nr. 1.5; Klosterneuberg, Stiftsbibl. 100; Laon 4; Leipzig, Universitätsbibl. 997-999; Munich, Clm 3892; Clm 6350; Clm 15704; Paris, B.N. lat. 8025; lat. 8026; Prague, Universitätsbibl. VII.B.8; Troyes 1; Vatican City, Vat. Urb. lat. 157; Vat. lat. 1443; Vienna, ÖNB 2072; 2086; 2097; 2100; 2242. Early Printed Editions: Strasbourg 1477; Venice 1478; Venice 1481 (incomplete); Venice 1491; Venice 1495; Lyons 1525; Venice 1570; Frankfurt am Main 1570, reprinted Frankfurt am Main 1968.

2. Constitutiones of First Council of Lyon = Novelle Innocentii quarti (A=first collection [1245], B=second collection [1246], C=Third Collection [1253]): MANUSCRIPTS: Cambridge MA, Harvard Law Libr. 71, fol. 1-11; s'Gravenhage (The Hague), Koninklijke Bibl. 73.E.14, fol. 230r-235r (A and B combined); Oxford, Bodleian lat. th. d. 32 (incomplete).  The following manuscripts contain the Constitutiones (see Kessler, 'Wiener Novellen':  Vienna, ÖNB 2056, 2065 (cum glossis), 2073, 2181 (cum glossis), 2189 (Fragment).  Prologus Novellarum Decretalium: Vienna, ÖNB 2083

3. Ordo iudiciarius: see Linda Fowler-Magerl, Ordo iudiciorum et ordo iudiciarius (Ius Commune, Sonderheft 19; Frankfurt am Main 1984) 216-18.

LITERATURE: G. Abate, 'Lettere "secretae" d'Innocenzo IV e altri documenti una raccolta inedita del sec.xiii.', Miscellanea Franciscana 55 (1955) 317-73. A. Bernal Palacios, 'Reportios del comentario de Innocencio IV a las decretales de Gregorio IX', Escritos del Vedat 17 (1987) 143-72. M. Bertram, `Angebliche Originale des Dekretalenapparats Innozenz' IV.', Proceedings Berkeley(MIC C, 7; Vatican City 1976) 41-47. M. Bertram, 'Gregorio IX, Innocenzo IV e Federico II: Tre legislatori a confronto', . . . colendo iustitiam et iura condendo . . . Federico III legislatore del Regno di Sicilia nell’Europa del Duecento: Per una storia comparata delle codificazione europee, ed. A. Romano (Atti di convegni, 1; Rome 1997): 11-28. M. Bertram, 'Zwei vorläufige Textstufen des Dekretalenapparats Papst Innozenz IV.' Juristische Buchproduktion im Mittelalter, ed. Vincenzo Colli (Frankfurt am Main 2001): 000-000.  F. Bock, `Studien zu den Registern Innozenz' IV.', Archivalische Zeitschrift 52 (1956) 11-48. R. Brentano, `Innocent IV and the chapter of Rieti', Collectanea Stephan Kuttner III (SG 13; Vatican City 1967) 383-410. J.A. Cantini, `De autonomia judicis secularis et de Romani Pontificis plenitudine potestatis in temporalibus secundum Innocentium IV', Salesianum 23 (1961) 407-80; idem and C. Lefebvre, `Sinibalde dei Fieschi', DDC 7 (1965) 1029-62. C. Dolcini, '"Eger cui lenia" (1245/46): Innocenzo IV, Tolomeo da Lucca e Guglielmo d'Ockham', RHCI 39 (1975) 127-48. B. Kedar, `Canon law and the burning of the Talmud', BMCL 9 (1979) 79-82; idem, Crusade and mission: European approaches toward the muslims (Princeton N.J. 1984). J.A. Kemp, S.J., 'A new concept of the Christian commonwealth in Innocent IV', Proceedings Boston (MIC C, 1; Vatican City 1965) 155-60. P.J. Kessler, 'Untersuchungen über die Novellen-Gesetzgebung Papst Innocenz IV (I)-(III)', ZRG Kan. Abt. 31 (1942) 142-320, 32 (1943) 300-383, 33 (1944) 56-128.   P.J. Kessler, 'Wiener Novellen: Suplementum novellisticum I', SG 12 Collectanea Stephan Kuttner (1967) 91-99.  M. Bertram, 'Aus kanonistischen Handschriften der Periode 1234 bis 1298', Proceedings Toronto (MIC C, 5; Vatican City 1976) 35-36.  S. Kuttner, 'Die Konstitutionen des ersten allgemeines Konzils von Lyon', SDHI 6 (1940) 70-131. G. Le Bras, 'Innocent IV Romaniste:  Examen de l'Apparatus', Collectanea Stephan Kuttner I (SG 11; Vatican City 1967) 307-26. A. Melloni, `William of Ockham's critique of Innocent IV', Franciscan Studies 46 (1986) 161-203; idem, Innocenzo IV: La concezione e l'esperienza della christianità come `regimen unius persone' (Genoa 1990). J. Muldoon, `The contribution of the medieval canon lawyers to the formation of international law', Traditio 28 (1972) 483-97; idem, `Missionaries and the marriage of infidels: the case of the mongol mission', The Jurist 35 (1975) 125-41; idem, Popes, lawyers and infidels: the Church and the non-Christian world 1250-1550 (Philadelphia 1979). M. Pacaut, `L'autorité pontificale selon Innocent IV', Moyen âge 66 (1960) 85-118. V. Piergiovanni, `Sinibaldo dei Fieschi decretalista: Richerche sulla vita', Annali Genova 6.2 (1967) 415-42, and SG 14 (1970) 125-54. A. Piola, `Innocenzo IV Fieschi Pontifice e giurista somno', Studium 3 (1955) 154-164 and reprinted in Scritti in memoria di V.E. Orlando (Padua 1957) 357-368 and again in his collection of articles Scritti di diritto ecclesiastico e canonico (Milan 1969) 101-112. B. Roberg, `Innozenz IV.', LMA 5.437-38. J. Müller, 'Sinibaldus Fliscus', Juristen: Ein biographisches Lexikon von der Antike bis zum 20. Jahrhundert, ed. M. Stolleis (Munich 1995) 313-314.M.J. Rodriguez, `Innocent IV and the element of fiction in juristic personalities', The Jurist 22 (1962) 287-318. A. Rota, `Natura giuridica e forme della istituzione nella dotrinadi Sinibaldo dei Fieschi (Papa Innocenzo IV)', Archivio giuridico series 6, vol 19, fasc. 1-2 (19XX) 67-139. F. Ruffini, `La classificazione delle persone giuridiche in Sinibaldo dei Fieschi (Innocenzo IV) ...', Scritti Scaduto II (Turin 1898). J.F. von Schulte, Die Dekretalen zwischen den 'Decretales Gregorii IX' und `Liber VI' Boniface VIII ...(Vienna 1867). B. Tierney, `The continuity of papal political theory in the thirteenth century', Mediaeval Studies 27 (1965) 227-45. J. Watt, `The theory of the papal monarchy in the thirteenth century: The contribution of the canonists', Traditio 20 (1964) 179-318 [republished as a monograph (New York 1965)]. M. Zurowski, Verbrechen der Vorgesetzen und die Verantwortung der organisierten Gemeinschaft nach der Lehre des Innocentius IV.', Prawo kanoniczne 24.1-2 (1981) 255-63 [in Polish w. German summary].
 
 

Introductio ad Decretum, `De throno Dei', the incipit of this introductio suggests that it is derived from the Summa of Johannes Faventinus.

AUTHOR:

DATE/PLACE:

MANUSCRIPTS: Oxford, Bodl. Laud. misc. 112, fol. 426-42.

LITERATURE: M. Bertram, `Some additions to the "Repertorium der Kanonistik",' BMCL 4 (1974) 14.
 
 
 
 

Introductio ad Decretum `In prima parte agitur', one of the oldest introductory summaries to the Decretum which precedes Gratian's text in several twelfth-century manuscripts. It was composed by an anonymous French canonist probably during the 1160's. There are also at least two copies in which it is transmitted seperately, attesting to its great success. As is true for other twelfth-century introductions, it does not cover de consecratione.

AUTHOR: unknown

DATE/PLACE: 1160's/France

EDITION: Biblioteca Casinensis II (1875) 171 ff. (based on Monte Cassino MS 64)

MANUSCRIPTS: preceding Decretum: Cambrai, Bibl. Communale 967, fol. 1-9v; Durham, Cathed. C.IV.1, fol. 1-; Einsiedeln, Klosterbibl. 193, fol. 1-7; Munich, Clm. 28161, fol. 1-9; Paris, B.N. lat. 11712, fol. 1-9; Trier, Stadtbibl. 906, fol. 1-9; Trier, Stadtbibl. 906, fol. 1-8 (ends at de penitencia); 907, fol. 1-9; Trier, Bischöfl. Seminar 8, fol. 2r, 3r-9r; Vatican City, Vat. Pal. lat. 622. inserted into Decretum text: Monte Cassino, Bibl. dell'abbazia 64; Munich, Clm 4505; Prague, Bibl. Cap. Met. XVII A 12. following Decretum: Bremen, Universitätsbibl. a.142, fol. 227va-33vb. without Decretum text: Mainz, Stadtbibl. II 204 (last 8 folios); Oxford, Corpus Christi Coll. 154, pp. 154a-184a.

LITERATURE: M. Bertram, `Some additions to the "Repertorium der Kanonistik",' BMCL 4 (1974) 10. S. Gagnér, Studien zur Ideengeschichte der Gesetzgebung (Stockholm/Uppsala 1960) 218. S. Kuttner, Repertorium 26 n.1, 40, 48, 51, 57. J. Rambaud-Buhot, `Les divers types d'abrégés du Decret', Recueil de travaux offert à M. Clovis Brunel (Paris 1955) 399-411. J.F von Schulte, `Zur Geschichte der Literatur über das Dekret Gratians: Dritter Beitrag', SB Vienna 65 (1870) 24-. A. Stickler, `Decretista Germanica audacta', Traditio 12 (1956) 604.
 
 
 
 

Introductio ad Decretum `De iure scripto', a brief, twelfth-century summary of the Decretum which is preserved in two manuscripts in Durham.

AUTHOR:

DATE/PLACE:

MANUSCRIPTS: Durham, Cathed. Libr. c.iii.1, fol. 13; c.iv.1, fol. 59.

LITERATURE: S. Kuttner, Repertorium 27, 281. J. Rambaud-Buhot, `Les divers types d'abrégés du Decret', Recueil de travaux offert à M. Clovis Brunel (Paris 1955) 399-411. Rudolf Weigand, `Romanisierungstendenzen im frühen kanonischen Recht', ZRG Kan. Abt. 69 (1983) 200-49, at 209-20; idem, SG 26 Index.
 
 
 
 

Ius naturale (see Alanus Anglicus)
 
 
 
 

Jacobinus Aprinellus, a layman who was mentioned as a teacher of canon law at Bologna between 1268-98.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 174.
 
 
 
 

Jacobus de Albenga (Albanus, Albasco), from Albenga, a town on the gulf of Genoa. Jacobus was an advocate in an ecclesiastical case in 1210, so he must have been born by 1190. From 1220-30, Jacobus taught canon law at Bologna. Among his students were Henry of Susa (but not, as was once thought, Peter Sampson). He was promoted provost of Albenga and then to the Bishopric. Guilelmus Durantis referred to Jacobus as the Bishop of Faenza. Schulte believed this but Kuttner does not.

Jacobus wrote the most important apparatus to Compilatio quinta. His glosses to the Decretum appear in Glossa Palatina. Jacobus also wrote additiones to Tancred's gloss on Compilatio prima and some glosses to Compilatio quarta.

TEXTS:1. Apparatus glossarum in Compilationem quintam MANUSCRIPTS: Admont, Stiftsbibl. 22, fol. 271-97v (fragmentary); Cambrai, Bibl. Communale 384, fol. 282-; Cordoba, Cabildo 440, fol. 307ra-338vb; Lisbon, Bibl. Alcobac. 381; London, Brit. Libr. Royal 11 C VIII, fol. 246-71v.

2. Glosses on the Decretum (see Glossa Palatina)

3. Additiones to Tancred's gloss on Compilatio prima, MANUSCRIPTS: Admont 22, fol. 1-85v (set ii).

4. Glosses on Compilatio quarta MANUSCRIPTS: Córdoba, Cathed. 10.

LITERATURE: S. Kuttner, `Bernardus Compostellanus Antiquus', Traditio 1 (1943) 335 nn. 19-22; idem, retractationes to this article in Gratian and the schools of law 1140-1234 (London 1983), Retractationes vii, 22-23. J. Lips and H. Wagnon, `Jacques ou Jacobus de Albertino ou D'Alberti', DDC 6 (1957) 77-78. E.M. Meijers, Responsa doctorum Tholosanorum (Haarlem 1938) vii. n.6 (=Études d'histoire du droit III [Leiden 1959] 171 n.20). Schulte, QL II 205-07.
 
 
 
 

Jacobus de Baysio, a brother of the more famous Guido de Baysio, Jacobus gave lectures on canon law at Bologna at least during the years 1283-86. Jacobus composed quaestiones on the Decretumand on decretales with which Johannes Andrea was familiar.

TEXTS: Quaestiones MANUSCRIPTS: Bamberg, Staatsbibl. Can. 48; Darmstadt, Landesbibl. 853.

LITERATURE: M. Baekelandt and H. Wagnon, `Jacques ou Jacobus de Baysio', DDC 6 (1957) 79. L. Prosdocimi, `Baisio, Iacopo', DBI 5 (1963) 299-300. Schulte, QL II 190-91.
 
 
 
 

Jacobus Bonacosa, a canon at Bologna cathedral and appears in the records as a professor of canon law (1267-78). Jacobus also acted as a papal auditor; he died in 1279.

TEXTS: Quaestiones MANUSCRIPTS: Bamberg, Staatsbibl. Can 48; Darmstadt, Landesbibl. 853; Wroclaw, Univer. II.F.53.

LITERATURE: V. Aldinucci - H. Wagnon, `Jacques ou Jacobus Bonacosa', DDC 6 (1957) 80. Schulte, QL II 171-72.
 
 
 
 

Jacobus a Castello, a teacher of canon law at Bologna around 1274. In his comment on the preface to the Liber Sextus, Johannes Andrea referred to him as very learned in law; nevertheless, no writings by Jacobus are known. He died before 1305.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 172-73.
 
 
 
 

Jacobus Falconarius,

TEXTS: Lectura in decretales MANUSCRIPTS: Vatican City, Vat. lat. 2590, fol. 1r-26r.

LITERATURE: M. Bertram, `Aus kanonistischen Handschriften der Periode 1234 bis 1298', Proceedings Toronto (MIC C-5; Vatican City 1976) 27-44 at 40-41.
 
 
 
 

Jacobus de Ferraria, taught canon law at Padua ca. 1298.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 175.
 
 
 
 

Jacobus Monachus, a Benedictine monk at S. Proclo in Bologna. He taught canon law there before 1285.

TEXTS:1. commentary on De summa trinitate (by Pope Urban VI) MANUSCRIPTS: Paris, Coll. de Navarre.

2. Breuiarium decretorum (on Gratian's Decretum) MANUSCRIPTS:

LITERATURE: F. Coutinho - H. Wagnon, `Jacques ou Jacobus Monachus', DDC 6 (1957) 84. Schulte, QL II 171.
 
 
 
 

Johannes (Guidonis) de Ancona, wrote a Summa on the Decretales Gregorii IX (c. 1265-68). He was most likely a layman and a Roman lawyer and worked at the curia of the patriarch of Jerusalem when he composed the work. Johannes also served as a procurator for the Knights Templar. Johannes's Summa was an elaboration on the Summa of Goffredus Tranensis. In two places in his Summa, Johannes de Ancona refers to his own commentary on the Libri feudorum, but this work has never been found. Johannes's Summa was not influential.

TEXTS: Summa decretalium EDITION: (of the Prologue and Epilogue only), M. Bertram, BMCL 7 (1977) 59-62. MANUSCRIPTS: Bruges, Bibl. de la Ville 377.

LITERATURE: M. Bertram, `Johannes de Ancona: Ein Jurist des 13. Jahrhunderts in den Kreuzfahrerstaaten', BMCL 7 (1977) 49-64. N. Höhl, `Johannes de Ancona', LMA 4 (1990) 555. D. Maffei, Giuristi medievali e falsificazioni editoriali del primo Cinquecento (Ius Commune - Sonderheft 10; Frankfurt a.M. 1979) 75-80.
 
 
 
 

Johannes de Angussola (de Gozellis, Angusellis), from Cesena, taught canon law at Padua in the 1270's.

TEXTS:1. Apparatus super constitutionibus Gregorii X (Lyons 1274), MANUSCRIPTS: Vienna, ÖNB 2216, fol. 59-78v.

2. De sponsalibus Early printed Edition: Hain 1073-74.

3. De presentationibus Early Printed Edition: Tractatus Uniuersi Iuris 17 (Venice 1584) fol. 221; Nürnberg 1658. MANUSCRIPTS: Vienna, ÖNB 2216, fol. 59-78.

LITERATURE: M. Bertram, QF 53 (1973) 459-67. G. Oesterlé, `Jean d'Anguissola', DDC 6 (1957) 92. L. Prosdocimi, `Anguissola, Giovanni', DBI 3 (1961) 317-18. Schulte, QL II 132-35.
 
 
 
 

Johannes de Cadomo (Caen)

LITERATURE: S. Kuttner, Repertorium 266-67.
 
 
 
 

Johannes de Chent (see John of Kent)
 
 
 
 

Johannes de Deo, born in Silves, Portugal. He studied law at Bologna during the 1220's under Zoen Tencararius. From 1229 until at least 1255, he taught there and produced numerous canonistic writings, usually of a more introductory than a scholarly nature. Perhaps his most important work was a historical work on the study of canon law (No. 7). Johannes spent the last years of his life in Lisbon where he had become archdeacon in 1260. Johannes died in 1267.

TEXTS:1. Libellus dispensationum MANUSCRIPTS: first recension: Milan, Bibl. Ambros. 64 sup., fol. 95ra-101va; second recension: Rome, Bibl. Casanat. 108; Vatican City, Vat. lat. 5066 (for further MSS, see A. de Sousa Costa [1957] 103-05, 196-97).

2. Breuiarum decretorum Early Printed Editions: Appended to the Decretum Gratiani in ed. Paris 1510; Lyons 1510; Louvain 1512 and later. MANUSCRIPTS: Salamanca, Univ. 1917 For other MSS see Sousa Costa (1957) 59-61.

3 Liber iudicum MANUSCRIPTS: Avignon, Bibl. Munic. 281, fol. 40-45v; Bamberg, Staatsbibl. Can. 00 [P.iii.18], fol. 115v-124v; Basel, Universitätsbibl. C.v.17, fol. 20-31v; Bruges, Bibl. de la Ville 381, fol. 16v-32v; Erlangen, Universitätsbibl. 32/1; Escorial, G.ii.15, fol. 1-7vb; Leipzig, Universitätsbibl. 932, fol. 90-106v; Lisbon, Bibl. Nac. Alcob. 371, fol. 14v-21; Madrid, Bib. Nac. lat. 243, fol. 18v-31; Munich, Clm 13043, fol. 130-43; Oxford, New College 192; Paris, B.N. lat. 4249, fol. 17-26v; lat. 4250, fol. 1-17v; St. Gall, Stiftsbibl. 745, fol. 1-26; Troyes, Bibl. Munic. 936; 1448; Vatican City, Vat. Ottob. lat. 2524, fol. 55-62a; Vat. lat. 2343, fol. 75-82a; Vienna, ÖNB lat. 130, fol. 78-101va; lat. 2157, fol. 1-3b; Zwettl, Stiftsbibl. 338, fol. 40-50.

4. Casus decretalium cum canonibus concordati MANUSCRIPTS: Antwerp, Musée Plantin-Moretus lat. 110, fol. 3-124v; Arras, Bibl. Munic. 172, fol. 1-60; Bamberg, Staatsbibl. [P.III.13], fol. 3-50; Erlangen, Univ. lat. 352, fol. 1-53; Leipzig, Universitätsbibl. 1027, fol. 1-103v; London, Brit. Libr. Add. 16893, fol. 1-141va; Madrid, Bib. Nac. 392, fol. 110-46vb; Munich, Clm 12718, fol. 1-206; Orleans, Bibl. Munic. 224, fol. 1-133; Paris, B.N. lat. 3971, fol. 1-31v; lat. 3972, fol. 1-49; Seo de Urgel, Cab. 2882, fol. 92ra-138rb; Toledo, Cab. 22-31, fol. 220ra-35rb; Tours, Bibl. Munic. 605, fol. 23-110; Vatican City, Vat. Ottob. lat. 847, fol. 1-202v; Vat. Ottob. lat. 2524, fol. 1-54; Vat. Borgh. lat. 145, fol. 2-125; Vat. Pal. lat. 645, fol. 1-190; Vat. lat. 2343, fol. 1-47.

5. Distinctiones super toto iure canonico MANUSCRIPTS: Lucerne, Zentralbibl. 35, fol. 121-212; Bonn, Universitätsbibl. 792, fol. 1-149vb; Cambridge, Peterhouse Coll. 279, fol. 4-10v; Vienna, ÖNB lat. 2190, fol. 44-95.

6. Arbor versificata MANUSCRIPTS: Berlin, Staatsbibl. lat. 617, fol. 242-243b; lat. 360b-361b; Cambridge, St. John's Coll. 217, fol. 132-134; Escorial, V.I.1, fol. 4v-5; Leipzig, Universitätsbibl. 1074, fol. 2v-9v; Monza, Cap. CCVI; Munich, Clm 4, fol. 263b-264; Clm 21505, fol. 320-21; Oxford, Bodl. 384, fol. 90-93; Paris, B.N. lat. 3944, fol. 1v-2; lat. 3949, fol. 299v-300; Prague, Metrop. Kap. 1184; Ravenna, Bibl. Olass. 91, fol. 128-31, 133-35; Rome, Bibl. Angelica 275, fol. 182-86; Subiaco, S. Scol. 6, fol. 1-2; Vatican City, Vat. Urb. lat. 159, fol. 226v-228; Vat. Pal. lat. 629, fol. 260v-62v; Venice, Bib. Naz. 137; Vorau, Stiftsbibl. 300, fol. 119-24v; Vienna, ÖNB lat. 5081, fol. 229-250a; lat. 5107, fol. 595b-602b.

7. Chronica per canones comprobata MANUSCRIPTS: London, Brit. Libr. Addit. 19905.

8. De decimis (1240, revised 1253) MANUSCRIPTS: A. first recension: Rome, Bibl. Casanat. A.ii.10, fol. 172a-vb. B. second recension: Vatican City, Vat. Borgh. Lat. 254, fol. 1a-2vb.

9. Apparatus Decretorum (this work is mentioned by J.d.D. in the explicet of his Summa super iv. causis Decretorum [No. 12], but has not been identified).

10. Casus legum canonizatarum MANUSCRIPTS: Rome, Bibl. Casanat. A.ii.10, fol. 170vb-172vb.

11. Notabilia cum summis super titulis decretalium MANUSCRIPTS: Padua, Univ. 1232 (a later recension?); Rome, Bibl. Casanat. A.ii.10, fol. 145ra-70vb; Seville, Bibl. Columb. 5-5-79, fol. 132-55v (fragmentary).

12. Summa super iv. causis Decretorum (a continuation of Huguccio's Summa, from C.23 q.4 c.33 to C.26), MANUSCRIPTS: Leningrad, Publ. Libr. lat. fol.ii. vel 10, fol. 376 (a fragment of the Prologue); Madrid, Bib. Nac. lat. 11962, fol. 232ra-249vb (inserted into Huguccio's text); Paris, B.N. lat. 3892, fol. 401ra-419v; Vatican City, Vat. lat. 2280, fol. 371ra-388ra.

13. Liber pastoralis MANUSCRIPTS: Oxford, Trinity Coll. xviii, fol. 138-66; Vatican City, Vat. Ottob. lat. 800, fol. 64-95; Vienna, ÖNB lat. 130, fol. 135-59.

14. Commentum super novellis decretalibus (on the constitutions of Lyons I [1245]; this work is mentioned by J.d.D. in his Liber cavillationum, but has not yet been identified.)

15. Liber penitentiarius EDITION: a somewhat abridged version has been printed in PL 90.1085-1108; the Prologue has been edited by A. De Sousa Costa (1956) 138-40. MANUSCRIPTS: Salamanca, Univ. 1974, fol. 1r-62r (others listed in De Sousa Costa [1957] 121-24.)

16. Liber cavillationum Early Printed Editions: Venice 1567, fol. 1-16 (together with the Speculum of Guilelmus Durantis); Torino 0000 (together with the Speculum of Guilelmus Durantis, vol.6 62-89); Lyons 1577 (Doctrina aduocatorum). MANUSCRIPTS: Seo de Urgel, Cab. 2036, fol. 19va-45vb; Cab. 2041, fol. 99ra-119va (other manuscripts listed in De Sousa Costa [1957] 114-15).

17. Liber quaestionum MANUSCRIPTS: Amiens, Bibl. Munic. 359, fol. 363 ff; Arras, Bibl. Munic. 495; Darmstadt, Landesbibl. 853; Edinburgh, Nat. Libr. 9740, fol. 38r-65v; Modena, Estens. Campori App. 1242, fol. 1r-22r; Frankfurt\M., Barth. 43, fol. 114r-149r; Madrid, Bib. Nac. lat. 387, fol. 90-119v; Olomouc, Archiv C.9.209, fol. 218v-38r; Padua, Univ. 114, fol. 1-20; Torino, Bibl. Naz. 1435, fol. 239r-277r; Vatican City, Vat. Borgh. lat. 260, fol. 132-61, 214v-214; Vicenza, Bibl. Bertol. 337, fol. 21a-38va.

18. Concordia decretorum cum titulis decretalium MANUSCRIPTS: Toledo, 22-31, fol. 326va-327vb (other manuscripts listed by De Sousa Costa [1957] 131-33.

19. Casus uersificati MANUSCRIPTS: Vicenza, Bibl. Bertol. 337, fol. 38v-39ra.

20 Liber opinionum MANUSCRIPT: Vicenza, Bibl. Bertol. 337, fol. 39a-44va.

21. Principium decretalium EDITION: in part, by H. Kantorowicz, `Das Principium Decretalium des Johannes de Deo', ZRG Kan. Abt. 12 (1922) 418-444. MANUSCRIPT: Paris, B.N. lat. 4489, fol. 104-05.

22. De abusionibus contra canones EDITION: A. De Sousa Costa (1957) 191-96.

LITERATURE: M. Bertram, `Kanonistische Quaestionensammlungen von Bartholomaeus Brixiensis bis Johannes Andreae', Proceedings Cambridge (MIC C-8; Vatican City 1988) 269-70. Norbert Höhl, `Johannes de Deo', LMA 4 (1990) 569. S. Kuttner, Repertorium 159, 372-73, 382-83; idem, `Pope Lucius III and the bigamous archbishop of Palermo', Medieval studies presented to A. Gwynn, ed. J. Watt et al. (Dublin 1961) 449-51 and passim; P. Michaud-Quantin, Sommes de casuistique et manuels de confession au moyen âge (Louvain - Lille - Montreal 1962) 26-27. A. de Sousa Costa, Doutrina penitencial do canonista Joâo de Deus (Braga 1956); idem, Um mestre português em Bolonha no século XIII, Joâo de Deus: Vida e obras (Braga 1957); idem, `Animadversiones criticae in vitam et operam canonistae Joannis de Deo', Antonianum 33 (1958) 76-124; idem, `Johannes de Deo', NCE 7 (1967) 996; idem, `Redaccõnes do "Liber dispensationum" e da "Summula super decimis ecclesiasticis" do canonista João de Deus', Revista Portuguesa de História 13 (1971) 269-97; A. García y García, `Notas sobre la canonística ibérica de los siglos XIII-XV', SG 9 (1966) 163-64; idem, `El "Breviarium Decretorum" de Juan de Dios y las divisiones del Decreto de Graciano', SG 12 (1967) 205-26; idem, Estudios sobre la canonística portuguesa medieval (Madrid 1976) 113-17, 173-99; idem, `La Canonística Ibérica (1150-1250) en la investigación reciente', BMCL 11 (1981) 60-62. Schulte, QL II 94-107.
 
 
 
 

Johannes Egitaniensis (Joao de Idanha), a 13th century Portuguese civilian who wrote a short canonistic treatise on consanguinity. He is often confused with Johannes de Deo.

TEXTS: Arbores consanguinitatis et affinitatis MANUSCRIPT: Segovia, Cab. 176, fol. 245ra-48va; Toledo, Cab. 40-1, fol. 1va-2rb.

LITERATURE: A. García y García, `Notas sobre la canonística ibérica de los siglos XIII-XV', SG 9 (1966) 164; idem, `La Canonística ibérica medieval posterior al Decreto de Graciano', Repertorio de Historia de las Cienicas eclesiasticas en España 1 (1967) 414; idem, Estudios sobre la canonística portuguesa medieval (Madrid 1976) 118-20; idem, `La Canonística Ibérica (1150-1250) en la investigación reciente', BMCL 11 (1981) 62-63.
 
 
 
 

Johannes Faventinus, born in Faenza, studied canon law in Bologna and became a professor around 1170. He immediately began his publishing career as a commentator and glossator of the Decretum, which continued undisturbed when he left Bologna, in 1174, to become a canon in Faenza. He probably has to be identified with the Bishop Johannes of Faenza (1177-90), who rules over his diocese just about the time when Huguccio's teachings began to gain predominance over his own. Unlike most of his colleagues, Johannes prepared the ground for his glossing activities by composing a Summa (ca. 1171). It consisted of little more than a compilation based on the two Summae of his predecessors, Rufinus and Stephan of Tournay. Modern scholars have often called him a plagiarist for that reason, despite the fact that Johannes fully acknowledged his indebtedness in the prologue. More importantly, the work was warmly welcomed by his audience, as is attested by the great number of surviving manuscripts, more twelfth century manuscripts even than for Huguccio. In addition, Johannes expressed his own doctrinal opinions in a vast amount of single glosses on all parts of Gratian's work. They also enjoyed great success and circulated widely, in what made Johannes the most cited canonist prior to Huguccio.

TEXTS:1. Summa decretorum (ca. 1171) EDITIONS: None. The prologue and the preface have been printed by J. F. v. Schulte, `Die Rechtshandschriften der Stiftsbibliotheken', SB Vienna 57 (1867) 580 (from MS Klosterneuburg, Stifstbibl. 655); MANUSCRIPTS: Angers, Bibl. Munic. 370; Arras, Bibl. Munic. 271, fol. 1-148; Bamberg, Staatsbibl. Can. 37; Barcelona, Arch. Corona de Aragón Ripoll 34; Besancon, Bibl. Munic. 379; Bordeaux, Bibl. Munic. 37, fol. 1-5, 174-75 (containing C.1 q.1 c.17 - C.2 q.3 p.c.7); Chartres, Bibl. Munic. 173 (lost during WW II); Durham, Cathedral C. III 7; Erlangen, Universitätsbibl. 344; Escorial I. II. 11; Florence, Bibl. Laurenziana Aed. Flor. Eccl. 49; Frankfurt/M., Stadtbibl. 52; Klosterneuburg, Stifstbibl. 271, fol. 94-212; Klosterneuburg, Stifstbibl. 655; Laon, Bibl. Munic. 371; London, Brit. Libr. Royal 9 E VII, fol. 1-160; London, Brit. Libr. Additional 18369; Madrid, Bibl. Nacional 399; Madrid, Bibl. Nacional 421; Madrid, Bibl. Nacional C.37; Munich, Clm 38713 (destroyed in World War I); Munich, Clm 14403 (preceding the Summa of Stephanus, on De cons. only); Münster, Universitätsbibl. 603 (lost in WW II); Oxford, Bodleian Library Canon Misc. 429; Oxford, Bodleian Library Laud. Misc. 112, fol. 426 (prologue); Oxford, Bodleian Library Tanner 8, p.301-586; Paris, B.N. lat. 3913 (after the Summa of Stephanus, on De cons. only); Paris, B.N. lat. 14606, fol. 1-166; Paris, B.N. lat. 14607, fol. 1-144; Paris, B.N. lat. 14609, fol. 126-213; Paris, B.N. lat. 14997, fol. 187-196 (on De cons.); Paris, B.N. lat. 17528; Paris, Mazarine 1317 (ends C.13 q.1 c.1); Paris, Sainte Geneviève 1624; Paris, Sainte Geneviève 1625; Reims, Bibl. de la Ville 684; Rome, Bibl. Casanatense 1105, fol. 1-196; Saint-Omer, Bibl. Municip. 493; Salamanca, Univ. 2077; Salamanca, Univ. 2399; Sienna, Bibl. Pub. G V 24; Tarazona, Cath. 41; Tarazona, Cath. 77; Troyes, Bibl. Municip. 192, fol. 1-4 (ends D.3 pr.); Vatican City, Vat. lat. 4954 (flyleaves); Vat. Borgh. 71; Vat. Borgh. 162 (contains D.47 - De cons. D.4 c.125); Vat. Reg. lat. 1061, fol. 49-64v (ends at D.35); Vercelli, Arch. capitol. 91; Vienna, ÖNB 2118; Zurich, Zentralbibl. Rh.42. See S. Kuttner, Repertorium 143-45; idem, `Retractationes', VII.9.

2. Glosses on the Decretum EDITIONS: Certain groups of Johannes's surviving glosses have been edited, i.e. a) those on part I by N. Höhl (1987); b) those referred to in part I (D.1-101) of Huguccio's Summa by R. Weigand, AKKR 154 (1985) 490-520; c) those on C.1 by R. Weigand, AKKR 157 (1988) 73-107; MANUSCRIPTS: See S. Kuttner, Repertorium 11; R. Weigand (1988) 73-75.

LITERATURE: J. Argnani, `Joannes Faventinus glossator', Apollinaris 9 (1936) 418. N. Höhl, Die Glossen des Johannes Faventinus zur Pars I des Decretum Gratiani: Eine literargeschichtliche Untersuchung (Würzburg 1987); idem, `Wer war Johannes Faventinus', Proceedings San Diego(MIC C-9; Vatican City 1990); idem, `Johannes de Deo', LMA 4 (1990) 575. S. Kuttner, Repertorium 143-46. idem, `Bernardus Compostellanus Antiquus', Traditio 1 (1943); idem, `Retractationes VII', Gratian and the Schools of Canon Law (1140 -1234) (London 1983) 9. F. Liotta, La continenza dei chierici (Milan 1971) 93-99. Schulte QL I 137-40. A. Stickler, `Jean de Faenza ou Joannes Faventinus', DDC 6 (1957) 99-102. R. Weigand, Die bedingte Eheschliessung im kanonischen Recht I (Munich 1963) 154-60, 233-34; idem, Die Naturrechtslehre der Legisten und Dekretisten von Irnerius bis Accursius und von Gratian bis Johannes Teutonicus (Münchener Theologische Studien III. Kan. Abt. 26; Munich 1967) 152-53, 301, 267, 288, 292, 316, 337, 339, 350, 352, 363, 414-15, 428, 431; idem, `Huguccio und der Apparat "Ordinaturus Magister",' AKKR 154 (1985) 490-520; idem, `Die Glossen des Johannes Faventinus zur Causa 1 des Dekrets und ihre Vorkommen in späteren Glossenapparaten', AKKR 157 (1988) 73-107.
 
 
 
 

Johannes Galensis (John of Wales), little is known about Johannes's life except for the years arund 1210, when he suddenly appeared among the Bolognese decretalists. In 1210-12, he privately assembled a collection of papal decretals soon to be accepted as Compilatio II. Drawn from the collectiones of Alanus and Gilbertus, it was mainly concerned with supplying the chronological gap (1191-97) left by the preceding Compilationes I (1191) and III (1210), the latter of which had only included decretals from the first twelve years of Innocent III's pontificate (1198-1209). Johannes also wrote single glosses on it and produced the first apparatus on Compilatio III.

TEXTS:1. see Compilatio secunda

2. Apparatus on Compilatio III (ca.1210-15) EDITION: None. A large number of excerpts has been printed by F. Gillmann, AKKR 105 (1925) 510-62; idem, AKKR 118 (1938) 174-222; MANUSCRIPTS: Erlangen, Universitätsbibl. 349, fol. 114r-202v (second set of glosses); Munich, Clm 3879 (not the full apparatus); Zwettl, Stiftsbibl. 30, fol. 102r-200r.

3. Glosses on Compilatio II

LITERATURE: F. Gillmann, `Johannes Galensis als Glossator', AKKR 105 (1925) 488-565; idem, `Des Johannes Galensis Apparat zur Compilatio III in der Universitätsbibliothek zu Erlangen', AKKR 118 (1938) 174-222. S. Kuttner, Repertorium 345-46, 355-56. G.Oesterlé, `Jean de Galles', DDC 6 (1957) 105-106. Schulte QL I 88-89, 189; R. Weigand, Die bedingte Eheschliessung im kanonischen Recht I (Munich 1963) 331-33.
 
 
 
 

Johannes Garsias Hispanus (Juan García Hispano Antiguo) taught canon law at Bologna during the 1270's and 1280's.

TEXTS:1. Apparatus in constitutiones Gregorii X (Lyons 1274) MANUSCRIPTS: Barcelona, ACA 7, fol. 226ra-41vb; Chartres, Bibl. Munic. 263; Erlangen, Universitätsbibl. 464; Gerona, Semin. 169; Klosterneuburg, Stiftsbibl. 96; Leipzig, Universitätsbibl. 965 and 966; Madrid, B.N. lat. 393, fol. 81ra-86va (fragmentary), lat. 396, fol. 21ra-30vb; Mainz, Stadtbibl. Jur.50; Olomouc, Metrop. 268, fol. 15-31; Paris, B.N. lat. 3949, lat. 8023, lat. 8390; Tours, Mibl. munic. 571; Venice, Marc. 47, fol. 2-13; Vich, Cat. 216, fol. 16ra-30vb; Vienna, ÖNB lat. 2084; Wroclaw, Univ. II.F.30 and 32.

2. Apparatus ad constitionem Cupientis Nicolai III (VI 1.6.16) MANUSCRIPTS: Barcelona, ACA 7, fol. 1ra-7vb; Basel, Universitätsbibl. C.i.18; Chartres, Bibl. Munic. 263; Erlangen, Universitätsbibl. 96; Escorial, c.I.10, fol. 1ra-6vb; Gerona, Sem. 169 (fragments); Klosterneuburg, Stiftsbibl. 96; Paris, B.N. lat. 8389; Tours, Bibl. Munic. 571; Vienna, ÖNB lat. 2132, lat. 2216.

3. Quaestiones EDITION: by C. F. Reatz, Garsiae Hispani quaestiones de jure canonico(Giessen 1859) 59 ff. (six items from MSS Bamberg and Darmstadt).

MANUSCRIPTS: Bamberg, Staatsbibl. Can.48; Darmstadt, Landesbibl. 853; Escorial, d.ii.7, fol. 104r-05v.

LITERATURE: J. Deshusses, `Jean ou Joannes Garsias ou Garcías', DDC 6 (1957) 106. A. García y García, `Notas sobre la canonistica iberica de los siglos XIII-XV', SG 9 (1966) 165-66; idem, `La Canonística ibérica medieval posterior al Decreto de Graciano', Repertorio de Historia de las Cienicas eclesiasticas en España 1 (1967) 410-11; idem, `La Canonística Ibérica (1150-1250) en la investigación reciente', BMCL 11 (1981) 53-54. N. Höhl, `Johannes Hispanus', LMA 4 (1990) 581-82. Schulte, QL II 160-62. S. Kuttner, Repertorium 429.
 
 
 
 

Johannes Hispanus Diaconus Aragonensis, according to Schulte the author of a florilegium drawn from the Decretum, written after 1246. He is not to be identified with Johannes de Deo.

TEXTS: 1. Flos Decreti EDITION: Nürnberg 1483 (Hain 7899).

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 107-08. A. García y García, BMCL 11 (1981) 61.
 
 

Johannes Hispanus de Compostela (Petesella) appears as a teacher of canon law at Bologna in 1223. He later went to Padua (1229), but returned sometime before 1244.

TEXTS: 1. Summa super titulis decretalium (1235-36) MANUSCRIPTS: Leipzig, Universitätsbibl. 1009; Vatican City, Vat. lat. 2543.

LITERATURE: J. Deshusses, `Jean d'Espagne', DDC 6 (1957) 99. A. García y García, `Canonistas Gallegos medievales', Compostellanum 16 (1971) 114-15. idem, `La Canonística Ibérica (1150-1250) en la investigación reciente', BMCL 11 (1981) 63. Schulte, QL II 81-83.
 
 
 
 

Johannes de Monte Murio (de Montemurlo) studied and taught canon law at Bologna during the 1280's and 1290's.

TEXTS: 1. Quaestiones MANUSCRIPTS: Bamberg, Staatsbibl. Can. 43; Darmstadt, Landesbibl. 853; Wroclaw, Univ. II.F.53.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 164. J. Viret `Jean de Montemurlo', DDC 6 (1957) 114.
 
 
 
 

Johannes Passavantius was an extraordinary lecturer on the Decretum at Bologna in 1299.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 174.
 
 
 
 

Johannes de Phintona, taught canon law, probably at Bologna, in the second half of the 13th century. He was author of glosses on all parts of the Decretum, most of which were included by Guido de Baysio in his Rosarium of 1300. His decretalist glosses were also often cited in the work.

TEXTS:1. Glosses on the Decretum MANUSCRIPT: Vatican City, Vat. lat. 1368.

2. Glosses on the Decretales Gregorii MANUSCRIPTS; Vatican City, Vat. lat. 1379, lat. 1389.

3. Quaestiones (known only through references by Guido de Baysio) LITERATURE: F. Gillmann, `Johannes von Phintona, ein vergessener Kanonist des 13. Jahrhunderts', AKKR 116 (1936) 446-84. N. Höhl, `Johannes de Phintona', LMA 4 (1990) 594. S. Kuttner, Repertorium 20 n.2; G. Oesterlé, `Jean de Phintona', DDC 6 (1957) 115-16.
 
 
 
 

Johannes Pontius (Juan Pons), a Spanish magister, abbreviated the commentary of Vincentius Hispanus on Liber Extra.

TEXT: 1. Additiones ad ordinarium apparatum Decretalium MANUSCRIPTS; Tortosa, Cab. 178, fol. 76ra-143rb.

LITERATURE: A. García y García, `La Canonística ibérica medieval posterior al Decreto de Graciano', Repertorio de Historia de las Cienicas eclesiasticas en España 1 (1967) 411-12; idem, `La Canonística Ibérica, BMCL 11 (1981) 64-65.
 
 

Johannes Teutonicus (Zemeke), ca. 1170-1245, taught canon law at Bologna ca. 1210-1212/1213-18. In 1216 Johannes visited the papal court and departed in anger. Kuttner and Pennington have argued that he was seeking papal endorsement for his decretal collection (Compilatio quarta). Although this was not granted, Johannes's collection followed Compilatio tertia into the canon of Compilationes antiquae. He also provided a gloss-apparatus for it, which is the only one ever to be composed on this reluctantly accepted collection. After his departure from Bologna, he became scholasticus(1220), provost (1223), and dean (1235) at S. Mariae in Halberstadt. Later, he advanced to the position of provost (1241) in the cathedral church of Halberstadt.

As a canonist, Johannes was quite capable as a synthesizer. He managed to draw together the contributions of Huguccio, Laurentius, and the `Ordinaturus magister' apparatus so successfully in his gloss to the Decretum that it became the Glossa ordinaria. But he could also be independent and creative, as in his gloss to the constitutions of the Fourth Lateran Council (1215) and - even more so - to Compilatio tertia.

TEXTS:1. Ordinary Gloss to Gratian's Decretum EDITIONS: Johannes's work as revised by Bartholomeus Brixiensis (ca. 1240-1245) has appeared in numerous early modern editions of Gratian's Decretum. The original version of 1216 remains, however, unprinted; MANUSCRIPTS: (of the original version only): Admont, Stiftsbibl. 35; Antwerp, Musée Plantin-Muretus M 13 (set II); Avranches, Bibl. Munic. 148; Bamberg, Staatsbibl. Can. 13 (set II); Can. 14 (set III); Beaune, Bibl. Munic. 5 (set III); Cambridge, Gonville and Caius Coll. 34 (without Gratian's text); Cambridge, Fitzwilliam Museum Mc Lean 135 (set II); Cambridge, Pembroke Coll. 162 (set IV); Charleville, Bibl. Munic. 269 (set I); Cividale, Museo 96 (set II); Douai, Bibl. Municip. 586 (set II); Douai, Bibl. Municip. 591 (set II); Évreux, Bib. Munic. 106 (set III); Gdansk, Munic. Libr. Mar. F.77 (set IV); Graz, Universitätsbibl. 71 (set V); Graz, Universitätsbibl. 80 (set II); Grenoble, Bibl. Munic. 62; Ivrea, Arch. Cap. 72 (with major lacunae); Klosterneuberg, Stifstbibl. 87; Klosterneuberg, Stifstbibl. 101 (set III); Leipzig, Universitätsbibl. 958; Lublin, Catholic Univ. 1; Munich, Clm 14024 (set II); Olomouc, Metrop. Chapter 401 (without Gratian's text); Oxford, Bodleian Library Bodl. 290 (fragment); Paris, B.N. lat. 3903 (set III); Paris, B.N. lat. 3904 (set III); Paris, B.N. lat. 3905; Paris, B.N. lat. 14317 (set III); Prague, Nat. Museum XVII A 12 (set III?); Saint-Omer, Bibl. Municip. 192 (set III); Saint-Mihiel, Bibl. Munic. 5 (set II); Saint-Omer, Bibl. Municip. 454 (set b); Tarazona, 93 (fragments); Tours, Bibl Munic. 559 (set II); Trier, Stadtbibl. 906 (set II); Trier, Stadtbibl 907 (set II); Troyes, Bibl. Municip. 60 (set II); Troyes, Bibl. Municip. 192, fol. 5-174 (without Gratian's text, begins at D.2 c.5); Vatican City, Vat. lat. 1367 (set I); Vat. Pal. lat. 624; Vat. Pal. lat. 625 (set III); Venice, Marcian Libr. IV 117 (set II); Vienna, ÖNB 2082 (set I)

2. Johannis Teutonici Apparatus glossarum in Compilationem tertiam EDITION: (Books 1-2) ed. K. Pennington (MIC A-3: Vatican City 1981). All the manuscripts containing the Apparatus are listed therein, p.xv-xvi.

3. Apparatus on Fourth Lateran Constitutions EDITION: Constitutiones concilii quarti Lateranensis una cum commentariis glossatorum, ed. A. García y García (MIC A-2: Vatican City 1981) 175-272.

4. See Compilatio quarta.

5. Apparatus Glossarum in Compilationem quartam EDITION: A. Augustín, Antiquae collectiones decretalium (Lerida 1576). The best reprint is in his Opera omnia IV, ed. G. Rocchi (Lucca 1769) 610-92, see S. Kuttner, `Antonio Augustin's edition of the Compilationes Antiquae', BMCL 7 (1977) 1-14. MANUSCRIPTS: Admont, Stiftsbibl. 22, fol. 246v-270; Arras, Bibl. Munic. 505; Bamberg, Staatsbibl. Can. 19, fol. 223-55; Can. 23, fol. 1-51; Beaune, Bibl. Munic. 19, fol. 273; Burgo de Osma, Cath. 6, fol. 320-356v; Cambridge, Gonville and Caius Coll. 17, p. 329-81; Cambridge, Gonville and Caius Coll. 150, fol. 120-151v; Chartres, Bibl. Munic. 318, fol. 238-; Chartres, Bibl. Munic. 384, fol. 247-81v; Cordoba, Cath. 10, fol. 274-304va; Douai, Bibl. Municip. 593, fol. 75-; Douai, Bibl. Municip. 596, fol. 1-; Durham, Cathedral C III 4; Florence, Bibl. Laurenziana S. Croce III sin. 6, fol. 108-; Florence, Bibl. Laurenziana S. Croce IV sin. 2; Frankfurt/M., Stadtbibl. 28; Fulda, Landesbibl. D.6, fol. 268-299v; Graz, Universitätsbibl. 374; Graz, Universitätsbibl. III 106; Graz, Universitätsbibl. III 138; Leiden, Univ. Bibl. Ablaing 12; Leipzig, Universitätsbibl. 968, fol. 232-61; Leningrad, Publ. Libr. II, fol. membr.1; Lincoln, Cathedral 29, fol. 169-192v, fol. 3; Lisbon, Bibl. Nac. Alcobac. 381, fol. 225-256v; London, Brit. Libr. Royal 11 C VII, fol. 210-; Lyons, Univ. 6, fol. 177-201; Marburg, Universitätsbibl. C.2, fol. 71-103; Monte Cassino, Bibl. dell'abbazia 185, p.181-239; Munich, Clm 3879, fol. 267-304; Padua, Bibl. Antoniana 35; Paris, B.N. lat. 3931 A; Paris, B.N. lat. 3932, fol. 203-236; Paris, B.N. lat. 3933; Paris, B.N. lat. 11714, fol. 1-26vb; Paris, B.N. lat. 12452; Paris, B.N. lat. 14321; Paris, B.N. lat. 15997; Paris, B.N. lat. nouv. acq. 2127; Paris, B.N. lat. nouv. acq. 2192; Reims, Bibl. de la Ville 690, fol. 173-215; Saint-Omer, Bibl. Municip. 447; Toulouse, Bibl. Munic. 368, fol. 95-119v; Tours, Bibl. Munic. 564, fol. 1-23v; Troyes, Bibl. Municip. 102; Vatican City, Vat. lat. 1377, fol. 282-317; Vat. lat. 2509, fol. 276-319; Vat. Borgh. 264, fol. 231-267v; Vat. Chigi E VII 207, fol. 257-272v; Vat. Ottob. 1099, fol. 41-54v (without the text of Comp. IV, ends at 5.15.5); Worcester, Cath. F 177, fol. 7-24v;

6. Gloss to the Arbores consanguinitatis et affinitatis, EDITION: A. García y García, Glosas de Juan Teutónico, Vicente Hispano y Dámaso Húngaro a los Arbores Consanguinitatis et Affinitatis', ZRG Kan. Abt. 68 (1982) 163-75.

7. Quaestiones EDITION: (from the fragmentary texts in MS Paris, B.N. lat. nouv. acq. 2443 and Graz, Universitätsbibl. 138) by G. Fransen, `A propos des Questions de Jean le Teutonique', BMCL 13 (1983) 43-47. MANUSCRIPTS: Graz, Universitätsbibl. 138, fol. 268v; Klosterneuburg, Stifstbibl. 656, fol. 35-42v; Paris, B.N. lat. nouv. acq. 2443, fol. 134-35.

8. Consilium EDITION: K. Pennington, `A "Consilium" of Johannes Teutonicus', Traditio26 (1970) 436-37.

9. Glosses on Super specula, Johannes's authorship for these glosses, signed `Jo.' in the manuscripts, is less than certain, cf. K. Pennington, Johannis Teutonici Apparatus xii n.3. MANUSCRIPTS: Florence, Bibl. Laurenziana S. Croce V sin. 4, fol. 1r; Lisbon, Bibl. nac. Alcobac. 381, fol. 224.

LITERATURE: A. García y García, `Glosas de Juan Teutónico, Vicente Hispano y Dámaso Húngaro a los Arbores Consanguinitatis et Affinitatis', ZRG Kan. Abt. 68 (1982) 153-185. S. Kuttner, Repertorium 93-99, 254, 357, 369-71, 374-81. idem, `Bernardus Compostellanus Antiquus', Traditio1 (1943) 291-92, 304-9, 333-36. S. Kuttner, `Johannes Teutonicus, das vierte Laterankonzil, und die Compilatio quarta', Miscellanea Giovanni Mercati 5 (Studi e Testi 125; Vatican City 1946) 608-34; idem, `Johannes Teutonicus', Neue deutsche Biographie 10 (1974) 571-73; idem, `Retractationes VII', Gratian and the Schools of Law (London 1983) 14. F. Liotta, La continenza dei chierici (Milan 1971) 343-52. K. Pennington, `A Study of Johannes Teutonicus's Theories of Church Government and of the Relationship between Church and State, with an Edition of his Apparatus to Compilatio tertia' (Ph.D. Dissertation: Cornell 1972); idem, `The Manuscripts of Johannes Teutonicus's Apparatus to Compilatio tertia: Considerations on the Stemma', BMCL 4 (1974) 17-31; idem, `The epitaph of Johannes Teutonicus', BMCL 13 (1983) 61-62; idem, `Johannes Teutonicus and Papal Legates', AHP 21 (1983) 183-94. S. Stelling-Michaud, Jean le Teutonique', DDC 6 (1957) 120-22. W. Stelzer, `Johannes Teutonicus', Die deutsche Literatur des Mittelalters: Verfasserlexikon 4 (1982) 777-83. R. Weigand, Die bedingte Eheschliessung im kanonischen Recht I (Munich 1963) 379-88; idem, Die Naturrechtslehre der Legisten und Dekretisten von Irnerius bis Accursius und von Gratian bis Johannes Teutonicus (Münchener Theologische Studien III. Kan. Abt. 26; Munich 1967) 255-56 and passim.
 
 
 
 

John of Kent, an Anglo-Norman canonist of the late twelfth century. J. Goering has suggested his identity with Master John of Kent who in 1204 became chancellor of St. Paul's Cathedral in London, and later (ca. 1213/14)seems to have entered the service of the Archbishop of Canterbury. At any rate, the canonist was still alive after 1215, since John's recently discovered Summa on Penitence (ca. 1212-20) includes several passages invoking the Fourth Lateran Council. Therein, the author reveals a canonist's approach to the topic. Some canonistic quaestiones carrying solutions ascribed to `Jo. de chent' are further reported in the Quaestiones Londinenses (see ibid.)

TEXTS:1. Summa de penitentia EDITION: None. The prologue and the incipits of book I-III have been printed by J. Goering, BMCL 13 (1983) 22-24, also a list of the rubrics (book I-III), ibid. 29-31 (transcribed from the only known, complete copy in MS London, Brit. Libr. Royal).

MANUSCRIPTS: Cambridge, Emmanuel Coll. 83, fol. 200r-201v, 204r-209v (abbreviated excerpts from book I.24-26); Grenoble, Bibl. Munic. 455, fol. 118-130 (Book III only); London, Brit. Libr., Royal 9 A XIV, fol. 203va-232vb; London, Brit. Libr. Royal 5 A I, fols. 63v-89r (Books I-II only).

2. Quaestiones (see Quaestiones Londinenses) LITERATURE: J. Goering, `The "Summa de penitentia" of John of Kent', BMCL 18 (1988) 13-31.
 
 
 
 

John of Tynemouth, a prominent canonist of the Anglo-Norman school. His lecturing on Gratian's Decretum is amply reported in a Cambridge manuscript. Several quaestiones of his have also survived in written form. He was also active as a commentator of English decretal collection preceding Compilatio I. All of these materials, which represent reportationes rather than writings of his own, derive from John's teaching during the years 1188-1198, probably at Oxford. After joining the household of the archbishop of Canterbury, around 1199, and a stay at Lincoln (ca. 1206-15) as a canon of the cathedral chapter, he returned to Oxford, in 1215, as an archdeacon. There he died in 1221.

TEXTS: 1. Glosses on the Decretum, EDITION: Select texts are printed from MS Cambridge are printed in Kuttner and Rathbone, Traditio 7 (1949/51) 347-53; and by F. Liotta (1971) 165-67; MANUSCRIPTS: Cambridge, Gonville and Caius Coll. 676.

2. Quaestiones disputatae MANUSCRIPT: London, Brit. Libr. Royal 9 E VII, fols. 191-99; Cf. Stephan Kuttner - E. Rathbone 320 n.39.

3. Glosses on decretal collections; Glosses on the Appendix Concilii Lateranensis (Leipzig, Universitätsbibl. 1242, fol. 73v-110v); Glosses on the Collectio Francofortana (London, Brit. Libr. Egerton 2901 - set II).

LITERATURE: A. B. Emden, A biographical register of the University of Oxford to A.D. 1500 III (Oxford 1959) 1923. P. Landau, `Studien zur Appendix und den Glossen in frühen systematischen Dekretalensammlungen', BMCL 9 (1979) 19-21; idem, `Die Glossen der Collectio Cheltenhamensis', BMCL 11 (1981) 23-24, 27-28. S. Kuttner and E. Rathbone, `Anglo-Norman Canonists of the twelfth century', Traditio 7 (1949/51) 317-21, 324-27, 347-52. S. Kuttner, `Retractationes VIII', Gratian and the Schools of Canon Law (1140-1234) (London 1983) passim. C. E. Lewis, `Ricardus Anglicus: A "Familiaris" of Archbishop Hubert Walter', Traditio 22 (1966) 469-71. F. Liotta, La continenza dei chierici (Milan 1971) 165-67.
 
 
 
 

Laborans, born at an unknown date at Pontormo near Florence, studied in France and received the cardinalate in 1173. Besides several theological treatises, he spent twenty years (1162-82) working on his Compilatio decretorum, which aimed at re-arranging Gratian's Decretum in a more orderly fashion. Gratian's material, plus a minor amount of other legal and biblical (!) texts (with the conciliar statutes of Lateran III [1179] added in the margin), was re-distributed into six books and subdivided into `partes' and titles. Like Gratian, Laborans presented the single chapters along with his own comment. He also provided cross-references. Although Laborans transformed Gratian into a much better organized text, the Decretum was by this time too well established as to be replaced by the new compilation. In fact, it received no attention at all among contemporaries. Laborans died ca. 1190.

TEXTS:1. Compilatio decretorum EDITION: In preparation by N. Martin. MANUSCRIPT: Vatican City, Arch. S. Pietro C.110, fol. 1-243v.

2. Theological works EDITION: A. M. Landgraf, Laborantis cardinalis opuscula. Florilegium patristicum 32 (Bonn 1932), based on the same Vatican manuscript.

LITERATURE: S. Kuttner, Repertorium 267-68. N. Martin, `Die "Compilatio decretorum" des Kardinal Laborans', Proceedings Berkeley (MIC C-7; Vatican City 1985) 125-39; idem. `"Mare uitreum" (Neapel, Bibl. naz. MS. XII A 27): Eine Quelle der "Compilatio decretorum" des Kardinal Laborans', BMCL 15 (1985) 51-59. R. Naz, `Laborans', DDC 6 (1957) 297-98. Schulte, QL I 148-49. R. Weigand, Die Naturrechtslehre der Legisten und Dekretisten von Irnerius bis Accursius und von Gratian bis Johannes Teutonicus (Münchener Theologische Studien III. Kan. Abt. 26; Munich 1967) 177-179, 369, 396.
 
 
 
 

Lateran III, Council of 1179: Constitutiones (See Appendix Concilii Lateranensis)

LITERATURE: Gérard Fransen, `Les canonistes et Latran III', Le troisème concile de Latran (1179) Sa place dans l'histoire, communications, présentées a la Table Ronde du CNRS le 26 avril 1980 et réunies par Jean Longère 1982, 33-40.
 
 
 
 

Lateran IV, Council of 1215: Constitutiones

EDITION: by A. García y García (1981).

MANUSCRIPTS: Admont 22, fol. 245v-246r; Bamberg, Staatsbibl. Can. 20, fol. 63v-70v; Bordeaux, Bibl. de la Ville 400, final work; Florence, Bibl. Naz. Conv. Soppr. da ordinare: Vallombrosa 36(325), fol. 294ra-307va; Florence, Laurenziana S. Croce III^sin. 6 p.96; Florence, Laurenziana S.Croce IV^sin. 2, fol. 254r(251)-264v(261); Graz, Universitätsbibl. II.138, fol. 233r-246v; Kassel, Landesbibl. Jur. 11; London, Lambeth Palace 139, fol. 168-76; Monte Cassino, Bibl. dell'abbazia 468, fol. 205-222; Rouen 706, fol. 255r-268v.

TEXT: Constitutiones concilii quarti Lateranensis una cum commentariis glossatorum, ed. A. García y García (MIC A-2; Vatican City 1981) 175-272.

LITERATURE: R. Foreville, `Representation et taxation du clergé au concile du Latran (1215)', Etudes présentées à la Commission internationale pour les Assemblées d'Etats, 21 (XIIe congrès internationale des Sciences hist., Paris/Löwen 1966) 57-74. A. García y García, `El concilio de Latrán (1215) y sus commentarios', Traditio 14 (1958) 484-502; idem, `El gobierno de la Iglesia universal en el concilio IV lateranense de 1215', AHC 1 (1969) 50-68; idem, `La iglesia griega y el concilio IV Lateranense de 1215', Dialogo ecumenico 13 (1978) 121-44. S. Kuttner, `Johannes Teutonicus, das IV. Laterankonzil und die compilatio IV', Miscellanea Giovanni Mercati 5 (=Studi e Testi 125; Vatican City 1946) 608-34, and `Retractationes' to this article in S. Kuttner, idem and A. García y García, `A new eyewitness account on the fourth Lateran council', Traditio 20 (1964) 115-78 and `Retractationes', to this article in Medieval Councils, `Retractationes'.
 
 

Laurentius Hispanus, fl. 1200-48, taught canon law at Bologna (c.1200-1214); archdeacon of Orense (1214-1218); bishop of Orense from 1218 to his death in 1248. Laurentius was an important and innovative legal thinker whose writings betray a lively, sarcastic wit. Laurentius wrote two influential works, the Glossa Palatina on Gratian's Decretum, and an apparatus of glosses on Compilatio tertia. Laurentius' glosses from these works were cited occasionally in the Glossa Ordinaria to the Decretum and extensively in the Glossa Ordinaria to the Decretals of Gregory IX, as well as in the works of later canonists. In fact, a revision of Johannes Teutonicus's Glossa Ordinaria on the Decretum, called the `Laurentiustype', was produced in the mid-thirteenth century which incorporated much material added from Laurentius which Johannes had not used. And at the end of the thirteenth century, the canonist Guido de Baysio incorporated a great deal of Laurentian material into his enormous Decretum-commentary, the Rosarium.

Laurentius also wrote glosses to Compilatio prima which can only be found in the apparatus of Tancred. In addition to these works, Stickler has demonstrated that Paris, B.N. MS lat. 15393 contains an independent reportatio of Laurentius lectures on the Decretum written by someone who heard them.

Laurentius's numerous references to Azo and Bernardus Compostellanus suggest that these two were among his teachers. An early work, a Distinctiones Decretorum, shows the influence of Ricardus Anglicus. Tancred and perhaps Sinnibaldo Fieschi (Innocent IV) were his most important students.

TEXTS:1. Distinctiones decretorum, in Monte Cassino Bibl. Abbaziale 313 pp. 69-84. Laurentius' authorship remains doubtful.

2. Tractatus de penitentia, Laurentius wrote a large number of glosses on the de penitentia many of which he gathered together into a self-standing apparatus. This work circulated commonly with the Glossa Palatina and with other Decretum apparatus. García y García counted over two-hundred and fifty manuscripts containing Laurentius's glosses on the de penitentia. Unfortunately, these collections of glosses do not conform to clear recensions. It may be that a large number of glosses which Laurentius presumably left out of his apparatus or wrote later on were added to it piecemeal by canonists over many years, making for numerous sets of glosses conforming to no apparent development. see García, Laurentius Hispanus.

3. Glossa Palatina, an important apparatus on Gratian's Decretum named for the Vatican manuscript in which it was first identified. The Glossa Palatina, which quotes many glosses from Bernardus Compostellanus, Ricardus, Huguccio, Sylvester and others, was almost certainly compiled by Laurentius. Alfons Stickler produced an intricate argument establishing Laurentius' authorship, the central point of which is that Glossa Palatina, despite the massive number of his glosses which it contains, has no sigla at all for Laurentius, but many sigla for the other canonists that are quoted. Only Laurentius' authorship of the work could account for this.

DATE/PLACE: 1210-18 in Bologna (revised, but never completed)

EDITION: None, although some 30 pages of glosses have been published by Stickler.

MANUSCRIPTS: Glossa Palatina exists in two versions: A. Primitive version: Munich, Clm 28174, Arras 500. B. Standard version: Antwerp, Musée Plantin-Moretus M.13; Boulogne-sur-mer 118; Cambridge, Trinity College O.10.2 [James 1454]; Douai 590; Durham Cathed. C.III.8; Evreux 106; Laon, Bibl. Munic. 476; Perugia, C.M.4; Reims 680; Salzburg, Erzabtei St. Peter a.xii.9; Vatican City, Pal. lat. 658; Vatican City, Reg. lat. 977. A group of manuscripts also exists containing Laurentius's glosses on Decretum which are excerpted from the Glossa Palatina: Charleville 269; Paris, Mazarine 1287; Prague, Nationalmuseum XVII.A.12; Bamberg, Staatsbibl. Can. 14; Paris, B.N. lat. 3903; Paris, B.N. lat. 14317; Saint-Omer, Bibl. Municip. 192; Vatican City, Vat. lat. 1367.

4. Glosses on Compilatio prima and secunda (See Tancred, Apparatus in Compilationem primam et secundam)

5. Apparatus on Compilatio tertia (1210-16) MANUSCRIPTS: Admont, Stiftsbibl. 55, and Karlsruhe, Landesbibl. Aug. XL, EDITION: Brendan McManus, `The Ecclesiology of Laurentius Hispanus and his contribution to the Romanization of canon law jurisprudence, with an Edition of Laurentius's Apparatus glossarum in Compilationem tertiam' (Ph.D. Diss. Syracuse University 1991) Part II.

6. Reportatio of Laurentius's lectures on the Decretum MANUSCRIPT: Paris, B.N. lat. 15393 (third layer, added onto Alanus's Ius naturale).

LITERATURE: A. García y García, Laurentius Hispanus: Datos biográficos y estudio crítico de sus obras (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 1956); idem, `La Canonística Ibérica (1150-1250) en la investigación reciente', BMCL 11 (1981) 55-56. F. Gillmann, `Lanfrancus oder Laurentius?', AKKR 109 (1929) 598-664; idem, `Lanfrancus oder Laurentius? Nachtrag', AKKR 110 (1930) 157-82; idem, Des Laurentius Hispanus Apparat zur Compilatio III auf der Staatlichen Bibliothek zu Bamberg (Mainz 1935); idem, `Bruchstücke des Laurentius Hispanus Apparats zur Comp. III in der Landesbibliothek zu Kassel', AKKR 117 (1937) 436-52; idem `Tancreds oder Laurentius Hispanus früherer Apparatus zur Compilatio III in der Staatlichen Bibliothek zu Bamberg', AKKR 120 (1940) 201-24; idem, and E. Rosser, `Der Prager Codex xvii.A.12 (früher I.B.I) und der Dekreten Apparat des Laurentius Hispanus', AKKR 126 (1953-54) 3-43. S. Kuttner, Repertorium 76-91, 326, 356. F. Liotta, La continenza dei chierici (Milan 1971) 309-29. B. McManus, `The Ecclesiology of Laurentius Hispanus and his contribution to the Romanization of canon law jurisprudence, with an Edition of Laurentius's Apparatus glossarum in Compilationem tertiam' (Ph.D. Dissertation: Syracuse University 1991). K.W. Nörr, `Der Apparat des Laurentius zur Compilatio tertia', Traditio 17 (1961) 542-43. G. Post, `Additional Glosses of Johannes Galensis and Silvester Hispanus in the Early Tancred or so-called Laurentius Apparatus to Compilatio III', AKKR 119 (1939) 364-75; idem, `The authorship of the glosses to the Compilatio III in MS lat. 15398, fol. 106-202', AKKR 117 (1937) 418-29; idem, `The So-called Laurentius Apparatus to the Decretals of Innocent III', The Jurist 2 (1942) 5-31. A.M. Stickler, `Laurent d'Espagne', DDC 6 (1957) 361-64; idem, `Il decretista Laurentius Hispanus', Studia Gratiana 9 (1966) 461-549; idem, `Die Zweigliedrigkeit der Kirchengewalt bei Laurentius Hispanus', Ius Sacrum: Klaus Mörsdorf zum 60. Geburtstag (Munich 1969) 181-206. R. Weigand, Die bedingte Eheschliessung im kanonischen Recht I (Munich 1963) 273 n.104, 333-343; idem, Die Naturrechtslehre der Legisten und Dekretisten von Irnerius bis Accursius und von Gratian bis Johannes Teutonicus (Münchener Theologische Studien III. Kan. Abt. 26; Munich 1967) 251-54, 437-40, and passim; idem, `Die Glossen', SG 26.III 26.
 
 
 
 

Laygonus was a canon of Bologna and Doctor Decretorum in the late 1280's.

TEXTS: 1. Quaestiones, MANUSCRIPTS: Bamberg, Staatsbibl. Can. 43; Darmstadt, Landesbibl. 853.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 163.
 
 
 
 

Lecturae decretalium Aurelianenses, contain a series of lecture notes which were taken at Orleans around 1285-87. The materials gathered are largely anonymous, while the remainder attests to the canonistic teaching of several jurists, who are otherwise known only for their civilian works. Martin Bertram has called the compilation the most important testimony to the school of canon law at Orleans.

MANUSCRIPT: Paris, B.N. lat. 14328, fol. 58r-115ra.

LITERATURE: M. Bertram, `Kirchenrechtliche Vorlesungen aus Orleans', Francia 2 (1974) 218-33.
 
 
 
 

Liber Anthocrisus, is the title of a versification of Gratian's Decretum. Nothing is known about the author, but the date of composition can be inferred from the fact that the text is preserved in a Montecassino manuscript along with a marginal gloss containing references to the Compilationes antiquae. It was probably composed prior to 1234.

EDITION: None.

MANUSCRIPTS: Monte Cassino, Bibl. dell'abbazia 375, p. 1-174.

LITERATURE: M. Bertram, `Some Additions to the "Repertorium der Kanonistik",' BMCL 4 (1974) 13.
 
 
 
 

Liber Clementinarum (see Clementines)
 
 
 
 

Liber Extra (See Decretales Gregorii IX)
 
 
 
 

Lyons Council I (1245): Constitutiones (see Innocent IV, Pope: Novellæ Innocentii quarti)
 
 
 
 

Lyons Council II (1274) Constitutiones, promulgated by Pope Gregory X in 1275. At least seven different commentaries were written on this collection of constitutiones and nouellae. The apparatus are: 1. an anonymous commentary with the incipit, `Hoc dicit quod spiritus sanctus', written by Sept. 1275; 2. Johannes Anguissola de Cesena by 1275; 3. Boatinus of Mantua (late 1277 or later); 4. Franciscus de Albano, by the Spring of 1277; 5. Garsias Hispanus (the Glossa Ordinaria) in 1282; 6. an anonymous commentary with the incipit, `Gregorius salutem. Si qui erant excommunicati non absoluuntur'; and 7. Guillelmus Durantis, written in 1289 or later. This collection was rendered obsolete by the promulgation in 1298 of the Liber Sextus by Boniface VIII.

TEXTS: See under the various commentaries.

LITERATURE: M. Bertram, `Zur wissenschaflichen Bearbeitung der Konstitutionen Gregors X.', QF 53 (1973) 459-67. L. Boyle, `The date of the commentary of William Duranti on the constitutions of the second council of Lyons', BMCL 4 (1974) 39-47. S. Kuttner, `Conciliar law in the Making: The Lyonese constitutions (1274) of Gregory X ...', Miscellanea Pio Paschini (Rome 1949) II 39-81, and `Retractationes' to this article in S. Kuttner, Medieval Councils, `Retractationes' .
 
 
 
 

Manfredus de Arriago, a canonist of the mid-thirteenth century, not of the early fourteenth century as some have thought. According to the prologue of his Tabula decretalium, M. was the Vicar of the Archbishop of Milan.

TEXTS: Tabula decretalium MANUSCRIPTS: Basel, Universitätsbibl. C.III.34; Florence, Laur. S. Croce I sin. 7, fol. 1r-29r; Milan, Bibl. Ambros. F.136 ?; Paris, B.N. lat. 4604, fol. 29r-44r; Saint Gall, stiftsbibl. 745, pp. 29-46; Saint-Omer, Bibl. Municip. 513; Vienna, ÖNB lat. 2216; lat. 2210, fol. 20-96)

LITERATURE: M. Bertram, `Aus kanonistischen der Periode 1234 bis 1298', Proceedings Toronto(MIC C-5; Vatican City 1976) 27-44, at 42-43. R. Naz, `Manfredus de Arriago ou de Arzayo', DDC 6 (1957) 719. Schulte, QL II 230.
 
 
 
 

Marcoaldus (Marquard von Ried, M. de Padua, Marcoardus Teutonicus), magister decretorum at the University of Padua, ca. 1226-36, later provost of the collegiate chapter Mattsee (1240). Around 1229, Marcoaldus composed a metric praise of Frederick II, which showed that he was strongly in favor of the imperial cause in its contest with the papacy. At the same time, the poem attest to Marcoaldus' expertise in canon law through its skillful use of legal terminology. That he was a renowned canonist is further suggested by the fact that the copies of Compilatio V sent by Pope Honorius III to Padua in 1226 were addressed to `Magistro Marcoaldo et universibus scholaribus Padue commorantibus.' In fact, glosses of Marcoaldus on Compilatio survive in two manuscripts.

TEXTS:1. Glosses on Compilatio IV MANUSCRIPTS: Admont, Stiftsbibl. 22; Cordoba, Bibl. Cabildo 10.

2. Elogium on Emperor Frederik II EDITION: MGH SS 9.624-25.

LITERATURE: K. Pennington, `The Making of a Decretal Collection: The Genesis of Compilatio tertia' (MIC C-6; Vatican City 1980) 77 n.27; W. Stelzer, `Österreichische Kanonisten des 13. Jahrhunderts', ÖAKR 30 (1979) 78-80.
 
 
 
 

Margarita utriusque iuris, a florilegium of French origin, compiled prior to Lateran IV (1215).

MANUSCRIPTS: Munich, Clm 22272, fol. 117r-122v; Zurich, Zentralbibl. C.80, fol. 55r062v.

LITERATURE: A. Stickler, `Iter Helveticum', Traditio 14 (1958) 477-78; R. Weigand, Die bedingte Eheschliessung im kanonischen Recht I (Munich 1963) 266 n.
 
 
 
 

Marriage Tract: `Ardua temptantes sub metrica iura medulliam...'

AUTHOR: Altmann of St. Florian

DATE/PLACE: c.1205

MANUSCRIPTS: Admont, Stiftsbibl. 48, fol. 23-24v; Kremsmünster 1, fol. 429-40; Vienna, ÖNB 2221, fol. 45r-55v.

LITERATURE: R. Weigand, `Kanonistische Ehetraktate aus dem 12. Jahrhundert', Proceedings Strasbourg (MIC C-4; Vatican City 1971) 59-79 at 74-75.
 
 
 
 

Marriage Tract: `Christiane legis auctoritatem et catholice fidei religionem...'

AUTHOR: Unknown

DATE/PLACE:

MANUSCRIPTS: Tours 85, fol. 187r-196v

LITERATURE: R. Weigand, `Kanonistische Ehetraktate aus dem 12. Jahrhundert', Proceedings Strasbourg (MIC C-4; Vatican City 1971) 59-79 at 75-77.
 
 
 
 

Marriage Tract: De coniugio: `Cum alia sacramenta...'

AUTHOR: Unknown

DATE/PLACE:

MANUSCRIPTS: Vienna, ÖNB 1180, fol. 167va-177vb

LITERATURE: R. Weigand, `Kanonistische Ehetraktate aus dem 12. Jahrhundert', Proceedings Strasbourg (MIC C-4; Vatican City 1971) 59-79 at 63.
 
 
 
 

Marriage Tract: De matrimonio tractaturis

AUTHOR:

DATE/PLACE:

MANUSCRIPTS: Troyes 990, fol. 121rb-122vb

LITERATURE: R. Weigand, `Kanonistische Ehetraktate aus dem 12. Jahrhundert', Proceedings Strasbourg (MIC C-4; Vatican City 1971) 59-79 at 77-78.
 
 
 
 

Marriage Tract: De ortu coniugii: `Sacramentum coniugii non ab homine...'

AUTHOR:

DATE/PLACE:

MANUSCRIPTS: Stuttgart, HB VI 63, fol. 43-49

LITERATURE: R. Weigand, `Kanonistische Ehetraktate aus dem 12. Jahrhundert', Proceedings Strasbourg (MIC C-4; Vatican City 1971) 59-79 at 64-69.
 
 
 
 

Marriage Tract: In primis hominibus fuit coniugium, a twelfth century treatise on Marriage, the second half of this work is strongly canonistic.

AUTHOR:

DATE/PLACE:

MANUSCRIPTS: Munich, Clm 22307, fol. 125r-140r; Clm 4631, fol. 155r-167r; London, Brit. Libr. Royal 11 B.XIII, fol. 83va-89va; Paris, B.N. lat. 18108, fol. 160ra-169vb; Paris, Bibl. de l'Arsenal 388, fol. 75r-78r; Pisa, Seminario 53, fol. 54ra-59vb.

LITERATURE: R. Weigand, `Kanonistische Ehetraktate aus dem 12. Jahrhundert', Proceedings Strasbourg (MIC C-4; Vatican City 1971) 59-79 at 59-62.
 
 
 
 

Marriage Tract: `Matrimonium est uiri mulierisque coniunctio...'

AUTHOR:

DATE/PLACE:

MANUSCRIPTS: London, Lambeth Palace 139, fol. 101r-108r.

LITERATURE: R. Weigand, `Kanonistische Ehetraktate aus dem 12. Jahrhundert', Proceedings Strasbourg (MIC C-4; Vatican City 1971) 59-79 at 62-63.
 
 
 
 

Marriage Tract: `Matrimonium initiatum, consummatum et ratum...'is this an incipit ?? **

AUTHOR: Vacarius

DATE/PLACE:

MANUSCRIPTS:

LITERATURE: F.W. Maitland, `Magistri Vacarii Summa de Matrimonio', Law Quarterly Review13 (1897) 133-43 (Introduction) and 270-87 (Text). R. Weigand, `Kanonistische Ehetraktate aus dem 12. Jahrhundert', Proceedings Strasbourg (MIC C-4; Vatican City 1971) 59-79 at 73-74.
 
 
 
 

Marriage Tract: `Pertractis aliis sacramentis...'

AUTHOR:

DATE/PLACE:

MANUSCRIPTS: Munich, Clm 3525, fol. 36r-40r.

LITERATURE: R. Weigand, `Kanonistische Ehetraktate aus dem 12. Jahrhundert', Proceedings Strasbourg (MIC C-4; Vatican City 1971) 59-79 at 78-79.
 
 
 
 

Marriage Tract: `Secularium negotiorum iudex...', twelfth century marriage tract (post 1160). substantial parts are copied from another such tract, Videndum est quid sit matromonium, and the Summa Decreti of Etienne de Tournai.

AUTHOR:

DATE/PLACE:

MANUSCRIPT: Zürich C.97.II, fol. 76-81

LITERATURE: R. Weigand, `Kanonistische Ehetraktat aus dem 12. Jahrhundert', Proceedings Strasbourg (MIC C-4; Vatican City 1971) 59-79 at 71-2.
 
 
 
 

Marriage Tract: Summula de consanguinitate et affinitate: `Quoniam consanguinitas...'

AUTHOR:

DATE/PLACE:

MANUSCRIPTS: Bamberg, Staatsbibl. Can. 17, fol. 179-180; Munich, Clm 16084, fol. 32-33.

LITERATURE: R. Weigand, `Kanonistische Ehetraktate aus dem 12. Jahrhundert', Proceedings Strasbourg (MIC C-4; Vatican City 1971) 59-79 at 72-73.
 
 

Marriage Tract: `Videndum est quid sit matrimonium uberliefert...'

AUTHOR:

DATE/PLACE:

MANUSCRIPTS: Bamberg, Patr. 18, fol. 239-42; Berlin, Savigny 14, fol. 93-96, 105-110; Munich, Clm 16084, fol. 29-31; Valenciennes 193, fol. 108-111.

LITERATURE: R. Weigand, `Kanonistische Ehetraktate aus dem 12. Jahrhundert', Proceedings Strasbourg (MIC C-4; Vatican City 1971) 59-79 at 69-71.
 
 
 
 

Marsilius Mantighellius appears as a Bolognese notary in 1263. In 1273, he was a Doctor decretorum. He was a teacher of Johannes Andreae. Marsilius left Quaestiones, some of which were adapted by Johannes Andreae in his Quaestiones mercuriales. Marsilius died between 1299 and 1301.

TEXTS: 1. Quaestiones, MANUSCRIPTS: Bamberg, Staatsbibl. Can. 48; Darmstadt, Landesbibl. 853; Wroclaw, Univ. II.F.53.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 166
 
 
 
 

Martinus de Fano was a student of Azo, the Bolognese civilian. He appears as a law professor at Arezzo in 1255, and years later at Modena. After two appointments as the podestà of Genoa, he joined the Dominican order. He died in 1275. Besides his civilian works, he also produced some treatises on canonical doctrine.

TEXTS:1. Notabilia super decreto

2. Notabilia decretalium MANUSCRIPTS: Basel, Universitätsbibl. C.v.14.

3. Ordo iudiciarius EDITION: L. Wahrmund, Quellen zur Geschichte des römisch-kanonischen Processes I (Innsbruck 1905).

4. De brachio implorando per iudices ecclesiasticos EDITION: Tractatus universi iuris XI.2 (Venice 1587), fol. 409 ff.

LITERATURE: R. Naz, `Martin de Fano', DDC 6 (1957) 836-37; Schulte, QL II 138-39.
 
 
 
 

Martinus Hispanus appears as a professor of canon law in Bologna between 1274 and 1298.

LITERATURE: Schulte, QL II 174.
 
 
 
 

Martinus Zamorensis (Martin Arias?), bishop of Zamora 1193-1217 (according to A. García y García). His performance as the chief administrator of the bishopric seems to have met with severe criticism, including that of Innocent III in a letter of 1198 (Register 1.58). But on the same occasion, Innocent praised him as an `expert in civil as well as in canon law'. Several of the glosses he wrote while teaching at Bologna have survived in the manuscripts, and some of his opnions are reported in the Glossa Palatina. Stephan Kuttner has further found glosses and notabilia signed by `mar.' in a copy of Compilatio IV. If they were Martin's, this would prolong his teaching career at least until 1216. Stephan Kuttner therefore has suggested his identity with Martinus Roderici, Arias's successor at Zamora (1217-38).

TEXTS:1. Glosses on Decretum MANUSCRIPTS: Vatican City, Vat. lat. 1367; see also Glossa Palatina.

2. Glosses on Compilatio prima MANUSCRIPT: Erlangen, Universitätsbibl. 349 (set II).

3. Glosses on Compilatio quarta MANUSCRIPT: Olomouc, Metrop. Chapter 589 (set III).

4. Notabilia on Compilatio quarta MANUSCRIPTS: Angers, Bibl. de la Ville 374, fol. 21v-24v (ends at 4 Comp. 3.7.1), Olomouc, Metrop. Chapter 589, fol. 249-79.

LITERATURE: A. García y García, `La Canonística Ibérica (1150-1250) en la investigación reciente', BMCL 11 (1981) 54. F. Gillmann, AKKR 108 (1928) 527; idem, Des Johannes Galensis Apparat zur Compilatio III in der UB Erlangen (Cod. 349). Mit einem Anhang: Zur Inventarisierung der kanonistischen Handschriften aus der Zeit von Gratian bis Gregor IX (Mainz 1938) 80-82; idem, `Petrus Brito und Martinus Zamorensis', AKKR 120 (1940) 63-64. S. Kuttner, Repertorium 53, 414; idem, `Bernardus Compostellanus Antiquus', Traditio 1 (1943) 335 n.23-24. R. Weigand, `Mitteilungen aus Handschriften', Traditio 16 (1960) 558-60.
 
 
 
 

Materia auctoris in hoc opere, a French apparatus on Compilatio prima which draws heavily from the work of Ricardus Anglicus (ca. 1200).

MANUSCRIPTS: Zwettl, Stiftsbibl. 162, fol. 1-48v.

LITERATURE: S. Kuttner, Repertorium 392; idem, `Bernardus Compostellanus Antiquus', Traditio1 (1943) 313 n.22, 323 n.18. R. Weigand, `Neue Mitteilungen aus Handschriften', Traditio 21 (1965) 488.
 
 
 
 

`Matrimonium est uiri mulierisque coniunctio...' (see under Marriage Tract)
 
 
 
 
 
 

`Matrimonium initiatum, consummatum und ratum...' (see under Marriage Tract)
 
 
 
 

Melendus (Merandus) Hispanus (fl.1190-1215), taught canon law at Bologna and Vicenza (ca. 1209), before he became bishop of Burgo de Osma (1210-25). Composed glosses on Gratian's Decretum and Compilatio prima. Most of his teachings, however, are reported indirectly in contemporary gloss-apparatuses such as the Glossa Palatina, Ius naturale, and the Glossa Ordinariaon the Decretum.

TEXTS:1. Glosses on the Decretum MANUSCRIPTS: Cividale, Museo 96 (set I); Paris, Bibl. de l'Arsenal 677 (set III); Vatican, Arch. S. Pietro A.27 (set I); see also Glossa Palatina.

2. Glosses on Compilatio prima MANUSCRIPTS: see Vincentius, Glosses on Compilatio I

LITERATURE: A. García y García, `La Canonística Ibérica (1150-1250) en la investigación reciente', BMCL 11 (1981) 54. F. Gillmann, Zur Inventarisierung 57. S. Kuttner, `Bernardus Compostellanus Antiquus', Traditio 1 (1943) 301-303. Schulte, QL I 151. R. Weigand, Die bedingte Eheschliessung im kanonischen Recht I (Munich 1963) 283-86.
 
 
 
 

Metellus, one of the earliest Bolognese decretists and contemporary of Rolandus. His name appears once in the Fragmentum Cantabrigiense (after 1148). R. Weigand further has associated the collection of Quaestiones in a manuscript from Munich with Metellus.

TEXTS: Opinions of Metellus are reported in the Fragmentum Cantabrigiense, in questio 29 of the Quaestiones Stuttgardiensis, and in MS Munich, Clm 3525, fol. 40r-50v.

LITERATURE: S. Kuttner, Repertorium 129 n.2, Traditio 7 (1949/51) 293. R. Weigand, `Quaestionen aus der Schule des Rolandus und des Metellus', AKKR 138 (1969) 82-94, cf. Traditio25 (1969) 517.
 
 
 
 

Militant siquidem patroni, French apparatus on Comp. I, written ca. 1207-10.

MANUSCRIPTS: Angers, Bibl. Munic. 375 (fragmentary); Arras, Bibl. Munic. 956, fol. 1r-5v, 22v-26r (fragmentary); Douai, Bibl. Municip. 595; Epinal, Bibl. Munic. 72 (fragmentary); Trier, Stadtbibl. 876, fol. 1-21, 32-82; Troyes, Bibl. Municip. 385, fol. 2r-99v (first layer); Vlotho on Weser, Private collection of Alexander Dolezalek (fragment covering 1 Comp 3.33.23 - 3.34.1, 4.2.6 -4.2.14);

LITERATURE: S. Kuttner, Repertorium 326. G. Dolezalek, `Another fragment of the Apparatus "Militant siquidem patroni",' BMCL 5 (1975) 130-32. G. Fransen, `Trente ans de recherches dans les manuscrits du droit canonique', L'Année canonique 12 (1968) 31-47; F. Liotta, La continenza dei chierici nel diritto canonico classico (Milan 1971) 271-78; A. Stickler, LThK 5 (1960) 1294. E. Vodola, `Legal precision in the Decretist Period', BMCL 6 (1976) 55-59, 61. R. Weigand, `Mitteilungen aus Handschriften', Traditio 16 (1960) 560; idem, Die bedingte Eheschliessung im kanonischen Recht I (Munich 1963) 325-29.
 
 
 
 
 
 

Monaldus of Capo d'Istria (d.1285), a Franciscan and author of a penitential Summa which he completed before 1274. The work borrowed much from the Summa of Raymond of Penyafort and the writings of Henricus de Segusia (Hostiensis), but introduced a new method in presenting the material. Instead of the logical order that had been adopted by the older writers, Monaldus resorted to an alphabetical arrangement. In this, he was to be followed by most of the later penitential authors.

TEXTS:1. Summa de iure canonico EDITION: Lyons 1516; LITERATURE: P. Michaud-Quantin, Sommes de casuistique et manuels de confession au moyen âge (Louvain - Lille - Montreal 1962) 42; J. Sbaralea, Supplementum ad scriptores trium ordinum S. Francisci 2 (Rome 1921) 261-62; Schulte, QL II 414-18.
 
 
 
 

Nicholas III, Pope

LITERATURE:
 
 
 
 

Nicholas de Aquila (de l'Aigle), dean of Chichester (ca. 1197-1217), probably taught canon law at Oxford during the 1190's, alongside with John of Tynemouth and Simon of Southwell.

TEXTS: Opinions of Nicholaus form the core of the Quaestiones Londinenses. A gloss signed `N. de Aqi.' from the Decretum manuscript in Cambridge, Gonville and Caius College 676, fol. 129va, has been printed in Traditio 7 (1949/51) 347.

LITERATURE: A. B. Emden, A biographical register of the Uinversity of Oxford to A. D. 1500 I (Oxford 1957) 571. S. Kuttner, Repertorium 252. idem, `Bernardus Compostellanus Antiquus', Traditio 7 (1949/51) 317, 320, 325, 347.
 
 
 
 

Nicola Malombra

LITERATURE: M. Bellomo, in Studi Gualazzini.
 
 
 
 

Notabilia Ad instantiam quorundam, a collection based on Gratian's Decretum, written at Bologna prior to Lateran IV (1215).

MANUSCRIPTS: Leipzig, Universitätsbibl. 975, fol. 219-233v; Oxford, Bodleian Library Laud. misc. 646, fol. 184-187v (emds at D.79 c.8); Paris, B.N. lat. 4288, fol. 77-138; Paris, B.N. lat. 14320, fol. 76-97v; Paris, Mazarine 1041, fol. 97-120v (ends at C.33 q.3); Worcester, Cath. F 159, fol. 153-76v.

LITERATURE: S. Kuttner, Repertorium 237-39.
 
 
 
 

Notabilia Ad notitiam contrariorum (before 1234), according to Stephan Kuttner a brief compilation not referring to any canonistic textbook in particular. After a more careful examination of the work Kuttner concluded that it rather belonged to new literary genre listing references for the solution of contraria. Hence it should better be entitled De modis solvendi contraria.

MANUSCRIPTS: Troyes, Bibl. Municip. 936, fol. 117va-119rb; Worcester, Cath. F 159, fol. 185r-v.

LITERATURE: S. Kuttner, Repertorium 415, idem; `Emendationes et notae variae', Traditio 22 (1966) 478-79.
 
 
 
 

Notabilia Argumentum contra religiosi, a 12th-century collection related to, but distinct from the Notabilia Argumentum quod religiosi.

MANUSCRIPTS: Vatican City, Vat. Borgh. 287, fol. 10r-v.

LITERATURE: S. Kuttner, Repertorium 236-37
 
 

Notabilia Argumentum quod religiosi, based on the Decretum and composed by an anonymous 12th-century author who also wrote the Summula de presumptionibus, otherwise known as the Perpendiculum.

MANUSCRIPTS: Cambridge, Pembroke Coll. 101, fol. 56-61v.

LITERATURE: S. Kuttner, Repertorium 236; idem, `Réflexions sur les brocards des glossateurs', Mélanges Joseph de Ghellinck, S.J. II (Gembloux 1951) 775, 778, 788.
 
 
 
 

Notabilia Argumentum a minori, a collection of legal arguments drawn mostly from the Decretum(after 1185). The Repertorium der Kanonistik lists the work under `Notabilia', but later research has shown that it largely consists of brocardica.

MANUSCRIPTS: Fulda, Landesbibl. D.10, fol. 82-87v.

LITERATURE: S. Kuttner, Repertorium 235; idem, `Retractationes IX', Gratian and the Schools(London 1983) 41; K. W. Nörr, Zur Stellung des Richters im gelehrten Prozess der Frühzeit (Munich1967) 51 n.2; P. Weimar, `Argumenta brocardica', SG 14 (1967) 122.
 
 
 
 

Notabilia Clericus apud civilem, a collection loosely following the Decretum and probably of English origin (ca.1170-80?).

MANUSCRIPTS: Cambridge, Sidney Sussex Coll. 101; Durham, Cathedral C IV 1, fol. 60v-62.

LITERATURE: Stephan Kuttner, Repertorium 234; idem and E. Rathbone,

`Anglo-Norman Canonists of the twelfth century', Traditio 7 (1949/51) 294.
 
 
 
 

Notabilia De excommunicatione et penitentia, a monograph listing legal principles drawn from the Decretum.

MANUSCRIPTS: Durham, Cathedral V III 3, fol. 140v-144vb; London, Brit. Libr. Royal 11 B II, fol. 92-96v.

LITERATURE: P. Legendre, `Miscellanea Britannica', Traditio 15 (1959) 494 n.11. S. Kuttner, Repertorium 240-41.
 
 
 
 

Notabilia Delicto coram iudice manifestato (see Distinctio Delicto coram iudice manifestato)
 
 
 
 

Notabilia Gregorius: Qui multum (nimium) emungit (on the Decretum), of perhaps English origin (late 12th century).

MANUSCRIPTS: Zwettl, Stiftsbibl. 162, fol. 70-72v. Other works, not perhaps the same, begin with Prov. 30.33: Utrecht, Univ. 3.B.2; Paris, B.N. lat. 4288, fol. 146v-152v; Bruges, Grand Séminaire 45-144, fol. 191rb-197va; Colmar, Bibl. de la Villa, 509, fol. 85v ff; London, Brit. Libr. Addit. 18325, fol. 13-17v.

LITERATURE: M. Bertram, `Some Additions to the "Repertorium der Kanonistik",' BMCL 4 (1974) 11. S. Kuttner, `Bernardus Compostellanus Antiquus', Traditio 1 (1943) 323 n.18; idem and E. Rathbone, `Anglo-Norman Canonists of the twelfth century', Traditio 7 (1949/51) 337; S. Kuttner, `Retractiones', Gratian and the Schools of law (1140-1234) (London 1983) 36.
 
 
 
 

Notabilia Monacensia, offer a fragmentary summary of the conciliar constitutions of Lyons 1274 in their original form.

EDITION: The first few chapters have been edited by J. F. v. Schulte, SB Vienna 55 (1867) 781.

MANUSCRIPT: Munich, Clm 213, fol. 128v (breaks off in c.10).

LITERATURE: S. Kuttner, `Conciliar Law in the Making: The Lyonese Constitutions of Gregory X in a Manuscript at Washington', Lateranum 15 (1949) 46 n.32, reprinted in idem, Medieval councils, decretals, and collections of canon law (London 1980) XII.
 
 
 
 

Notabilia Non valet rescriptum (on the Collectio Gilberti)

MANUSCRIPTS: Zwettl, Stiftsbibl. 162, fol. 48v-49v.

LITERATURE: S. Kuttner, `Bernardus Compostellanus Antiquus', Traditio 1 (1943) 323 n.18
 
 
 
 

Notabilia Nota argumentum quod aliter (see Martinus Zamorensis, Notabilia on Compilatio IV.)
 
 
 
 

Notabilia Nota firmiter, on the Compilatio IV.

MANUSCRIPTS: Paris, Bibl. de l'Arsenal 394, fol. 125-37.

LITERATURE: S. Kuttner, Repertorium 414.
 
 
 
 

Notabilia Nota mulieribus, on Compilatio I, were composed after 1210 and show a dependence on the teachings of Laurentius.

MANUSCRIPTS: Bamberg, Staatsbibl. Can. 91, fol. 73-84v (ends at 1 Comp. 5.2.1); Vienna, ÖNB 2080, fol. 134v-138v.

LITERATURE: S. Kuttner, Repertorium 408-409; R. Weigand, Die bedingte Eheschliessung im kanonischen Recht I (Munich 1963) 345-46.
 
 
 
 

Notabilia Nota non secundum faciem, on Compilatio I.

MANUSCRIPTS: Paris, Bibl. de l'Arsenal 394, fol. 54v-62v (ends at 1 Comp. 3.27.11.)

LITERATURE: S. Kuttner, Repertorium 409.
 
 
 
 

Notabilia Nota per exteriora deprehendi, on Compilatio I, compiled after 1210.

MANUSCRIPTS: Berlin, Staatsbibl. 249, fol. 56ra-60vb; Oxford, Bodleian Library Laud. misc. 646, fol. 56-62; Paris, B.N. lat. 14320, fol. 127-34; Paris, B.N. lat. 17530, fol. 44v-50; Florence, Bibl. Nazionale Vallombrosa 38, fol. 164ra-169vb; Worcester, Cath. F 159, fol. 62-65v.

LITERATURE: M. Bertram, `Some Additions to the "Repertorium der Kanonistik",' BMCL 4 (1974) 11. S. Kuttner, Repertorium 409. F. Liotta, La continenza dei chierici (Milan 1971) 360; R. Weigand, Die bedingte Eheschliessung im kanonischen Recht I (Munich 1963) 246-47.
 
 
 
 

Notabilia Nota quod istud proemium, on Compilatio I.

MANUSCRIPTS: Angers, Bibl. de la Ville 374, fol. 1-; Kaliningrad (Königsberg), formerly Stadtbibl. 17, fol. 13-24v.

LITERATURE: S. Kuttner, Repertorium 410.
 
 
 
 

Notabilia Potius videndum est. Arranged according to titles, the collections treats material from the Compilationes I-III without distinction.

MANUSCRIPTS: Vatican City, Bibl. Apost. Borgh. 261, fol. 111-121v.

LITERATURE: S. Kuttner, Repertorium 410-11
 
 
 
 

Notabilia Qui nimium emungit, see Notabilia Gregorius qui multum nimium emungit
 
 
 
 

Notabilia Qui occasionem (see Perpendiculum)
 
 
 
 

Notabilia Quoniam quasi impossibile est, in the order of the Decretum and, according to Schulte, written after 1234.

EDITION: Prologue printed by Schulte, QL II 491.

MANUSCRIPTS: Florence, Bibl. Laurenziana S. Croce XXXIV sin 3.

LITERATURE: S. Kuttner, Repertorium 239. Schulte, QL II 491.
 
 
 
 

Notabilia Tria sunt, based on the Decretum.

MANUSCRIPTS: Rome, Bibl. Casanatense 1105, fol. 197-98.

LITERATURE: S. Kuttner, Repertorium 235.
 
 
 
 

Notabilium fragmenta Borghesiana, selected from the Decretum.

MANUSCRIPTS: Vatican City, Vat. Borgh. 261, fol. 129-134v (begins with C.1 q.1 p.c.43).

LITERATURE: S. Kuttner, Repertorium 237.
 
 
 
 

Notula super libello de significatione verborum (see Summa Antiquitate et tempore)
 
 
 
 

Odo of Dover (de Doura), author of a French Summa on Gratian's Decretum, which in many respects rather resembles an abbreviation. This may explain the title Decreta minora, given to it in the only surviving manuscript. Formal similarities with the Summa Coloniensis suggest that Odo composed his work around 1170. At any rate, it is later than the Summa of Stephan of Tournay (c. 1165/66), which Odo already knew.

TEXT: Decreta minora MANUSCRIPTS: London, British Museum Cotton Vitell. A III, fol. 111-128v (heavily damaged, containing the commentary on D.1-45 and C.1 q.1 c.108 -C.36 only)

LITERATURE: S. Kuttner, Repertorium 172-77; idem, `Sur les origines du terme "droit positif",' Revue historique de droit francais et étranger 15 (1936) 730-31; idem and Eleanor Rathbone, `Anglo-Norman canonists of the twelfth century', Traditio 7 (1949/51) 293. F. Liotta, La continenza dei chierici (Milan 1971) 71-73. R. Weigand, Die Naturrechtslehre der Legisten und Dekretisten von Irnerius bis Accur