History and Methdology of Bibliograhy

Clinical Legal Education: An Annotated Bibliography

(Revised 2005)

Introduction to the Original (1996) Version (by Karen Czapanskiy*)

Welcome to Clinical Education: An Annotated Bibliography. This database has been designed to give clinical legal educators easy access to the rich and fascinating literature about clinical legal education appearing in North American law reviews. We hope you find it useful in all aspects of your work.

You can use the annotated bibliography in a variety of ways. We have written abstracts of each article, so one way to use the database is simply to read each abstract until you find something that interests you. Another way to use it is to search for particular terms (e.g., simulation, trial or supervision), and the database will locate those abstracts containing your search term.

We have tried to be as inclusive as possible, but, inevitably, we will have missed some articles that you find important for your work. In addition, new materials are appearing all the time. As a result, we have designed the software to allow you to customize your copy. For example, you can add entries, modify entries and change the format of the display.

I want to express my gratitude to three dedicated students at the University of Maryland who worked long and hard on this project: Jane O’Leary, Eric Gibson and Anthony Pettolina, all of the Class of 1997. Many thanks as well to the University of Maryland Foundation, which supported my involvement. Able and enthusiastic staff support has been provided by Larry Gonzales, who developed the program and the documentation, and by Kathy Kumpa, who did the data entries and kept the many parts of this project organized.

Introduction to the Revised Edition (by J.P. Ogilvy**)

(Posted in 2005)

This version of the bibliography of materials relating to clinical legal education is a comprehensive compilation of entries that incorporates materials from the version published earlier by the Clinical Law Review, 7 Clin. L. Rev., Special Issue No. 1 (2001), and entries collected since the publication of that volume, including new materials published through 2004 (and some with 2005 publication dates), and previously published materials that we had missed in the earlier versions.

We have indicated whether the article is available in full text version in either LEXIS™ or WESTLAW™ or both. Availability in LEXIS™ is shown by the symbol * after the citation; availability in WESTLAW™ is shown by the symbol †. This version of the bibliography also identifies availability of abstracted articles not currently available through either LEXIS™ or WESTLAW™ databases but that may be found in full text on HeinOnline. This is indicated by the symbol ‡. HeinOnline, http://www.heinonline.org/, is available to faculty and students at most law schools through a subscription maintained by each school’s law library. The HeinOnline version is a graphic image of the original print version and therefore features footnotes at the bottom of the page and charts and diagrams as they appear in the original.

Sources and Methodology

The sources consulted for this update of the bibliography included the JLR and TP-ALL databases (Law Reviews and Bar Journals) in WESTLAW,™ the ALLREV (Combined Law Review File) and BARJNL (Combined Bar Journals) databases in LEXIS,™ the Current Index to Legal Periodicals, and the Newsletters of the AALS Section on Clinical Legal Education and the Clinical Legal Education Association (CLEA). The initial bibliographic search turned up several hundred items. As these sources were read, articles cited in these pieces were checked for possible inclusion. Each article was considered for inclusion according to the criteria described below. After the materials were selected for inclusion, they were read and an abstract or synopsis of the piece was created. When possible, the synopsis was sent to the author of the piece (or one of the authors where there was more than one) for review and comment. In some cases, this process resulted in additional suggestions for articles to be included.

Selection of Materials

When I first expressed to Karen Czapanskiy my interest in updating her excellent online bibliography of clinical legal education articles and creating a hard-copy form (which culminated in the publication of the previous edition of the bibliography in the Clinical Law Review in 2001), I asked Karen what criteria she used in selecting the articles for the original bibliography. She mentioned two broad categories, articles dealing directly with clinical legal education and articles dealing with provision of legal services to the poor in which clinical educators would be interested. With the previous update and this new one, I have been fully faithful to the first category but less so to the second. I have found the volume of articles on topics dealing with poverty law to be staggering. Because of this, each year I have included fewer articles that deal with poverty law but which are not also very directly related to clinical pedagogy, design, or administration. I simply did not have the time or resources to review and abstract those articles that feature primarily poverty law topics. I believe that there are enough articles directly relating to clinical legal education published each year to justify splitting this bibliography into two parts, one focusing on clinical legal education and the other on poverty law. My intention in continuing to update this bibliography has been to concentrate on clinical legal education materials. I hope that someone will find the time and funds necessary to continue a bibliography devoted to materials regarding poverty law.

Up to this point, selection has been limited to periodical sources readily available in the United States and Canada. As clinical legal education grows internationally, future updates may need to be attentive to the growing literature on clinical legal education from other parts of the world. Although I have tried to be comprehensive, it is likely that I have overlooked some pieces

that should be included in this bibliography and for that I apologize in advance.

So Long, and Thanks for All the Fish

I have decided that this update of the bibliography will be my last as I wish to move on to other projects for which I need the time I have been devoting to updates of the bibliography. It is my hope that someone else will step forward to pick up the bibliography, carry it forward, and improve it. I will, of course, provide advice and support, if requested, to whoever wishes to continue and expand the bibliography. Until a new editor comes forward, I will keep this electronic version available.

During the time that I have edited the bibliography, it has been the work of many people who deserve much more than the heartfelt thanks that they are getting in this paragraph. First, I want to thank Karen Czapanskiy for creating the original bibliography and for guiding me as I began to create the updates. Second, volumes of correspondence with authors of the articles was done quickly and flawlessly by Barbara McCoy. Finally, I want to thank the editorial board of the Clinical Law Review for publishing the previous edition of the bibliography and this new one in their entirety. Everyone in clinical legal education is deeply indebted to the Clinical Law Review for its leadership in encouraging and publishing clinical scholarship. The publication of this bibliography is another example of the Review’s commitment to clinical scholarship.